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The neurally controlled Animat: Biological brains acting with simulated bodies

机译：神经控制的Animat：与模拟身体互动的生物大脑

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摘要

The brain is perhaps the most advanced and robust computation system known. We are creating a method to study how information is processed and encoded in living cultured neuronal networks by interfacing them to a computer-generated animal, the Neurally-Controlled Animat, within a virtual world. Cortical neurons from rats are dissociated and cultured on a surface containing a grid of electrodes (multi-electrode arrays, or MEAs) capable of both recording and stimulating neural activity. Distributed patterns of neural activity are used to control the behavior of the Animat in a simulated environment. The computer acts as its sensory system providing electrical feedback to the network about the Animat's movement within its environment. Changes in the Animat's behavior due to interaction with its surroundings are studied in concert with the biological processes (e.g., neural plasticity) that produced those changes, to understand how information is processed and encoded within a living neural network. Thus, we have created a hybrid real-time processing engine and control system that consists of living, electronic, and simulated components. Eventually this approach may be applied to controlling robotic devices, or lead to better real-time silicon-based information processing and control algorithms that are fault tolerant and can repair themselves.
机译：大脑也许是已知的最先进，最强大的计算系统。我们正在创建一种方法，以通过在虚拟世界中将信息与计算机生成的动物Neurally-Controled Animat接口，来研究如何在活的培养的神经元网络中处理和编码信息。将大鼠的皮质神经元解离并培养在包含能够记录和刺激神经活动的电极网格（多电极阵列或MEA）的表面上。神经活动的分布式模式用于控制Animat在模拟环境中的行为。该计算机充当其传感系统，向网络提供有关Animat在其环境中的运动的电反馈。与产生这些变化的生物学过程（例如，神经可塑性）共同研究了Animat与周围环境相互作用引起的行为变化，以了解如何在活生生的神经网络中处理和编码信息。因此，我们创建了一个混合实时处理引擎和控制系统，该系统由实时，电子和模拟组件组成。最终，这种方法可以应用于控制机器人设备，或者导致更好的实时的基于硅的信息处理和控制算法，这些算法可以容错并且可以自我修复。

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