Loss of the Capsule Increases the Adherence Activity but Decreases the Virulence of Avibacterium paragallinarum

Tu Tzu-Yi; Hsieh Ming-Kun; Tan Duen-Huey; Ou Shan-Chia; Shien Jui-Hung; Yen Ting-Ying; Chang Poa-Chun

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Loss of the Capsule Increases the Adherence Activity but Decreases the Virulence of Avibacterium paragallinarum

机译：胶囊的丢失增加了粘附活性，但降低了副galavilinarum毒力。

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Avibacterium paragallinarum is the causative agent of infectious coryza, an important respiratory disease of chickens. The capsule is an important virulence determinant of many pathogenic bacteria, but the function of the capsule in Avibacterium paragallinarum is not well defined. In this study, acapsular mutants of Avibacterium paragallinarum were constructed by inactivation of the hctA gene using the TargeTron(R) gene knockout system. The acapsular mutants were found to have greater hemagglutination activity than did the wild-type strain. Further, acapsular mutants exhibited an increased ability to adhere to DF-1 cells and to form biofilms on abiotic surfaces. Virulence assays showed that acapsular mutants were less virulent than the wild-type strain. Taken together, these results indicated that loss of capsule increases hemagglutination and adhesion activities but decreases the virulence of Avibacterium paragallinarum. These results could be valuable to further elucidate the function of the capsule and the mechanism of pathogenicity of Avibacterium paragallinarum.

机译：副galavilinarum是传染性鼻炎的病原体，它是鸡的一种重要的呼吸道疾病。胶囊是许多致病细菌的重要毒力决定因素，但是该胶囊在副伞形杆菌中的功能尚不清楚。在这项研究中，通过使用基因敲除系统使hctA基因失活，构建了副galavilinarum的荚膜突变体。发现荚膜突变体比野生型菌株具有更大的血凝活性。此外，荚膜突变体表现出增加的粘附至DF-1细胞并在非生物表面上形成生物膜的能力。毒力测定表明，荚膜突变体的毒性比野生型菌株低。两者合计，这些结果表明胶囊的损失增加了血凝作用和粘附活性，但降低了副鸡副杆菌的毒性。这些结果对于进一步阐明胶囊的功能和副galavilinarum致病性的机制可能是有价值的。

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《Avian Diseases》 |2015年第1期|共7页
作者
Tu Tzu-Yi; Hsieh Ming-Kun; Tan Duen-Huey; Ou Shan-Chia; Shien Jui-Hung; Yen Ting-Ying; Chang Poa-Chun;
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正文语种 eng
中图分类病理学;
关键词
Avibacterium paragallinarum; infectious coryza; capsule;

机译：副galavilinarum;传染性coryza;胶囊;

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1. Loss of the Capsule Increases the Adherence Activity but Decreases the Virulence of Avibacterium paragallinarum [J] . Tu Tzu-Yi, Hsieh Ming-Kun, Tan Duen-Huey, Avian Diseases . 2015,第1期

机译：胶囊的丢失增加了粘附活性，但降低了副galavilinarum毒力。
2. Alteration of the pilin adhesin of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO results in normal pilus biogenesis but a loss of adherence to human pneumocyte cells and decreased virulence in mice. [J] . M A Farinha, B D Conway, L M Glasier, Infection and immunity . 1994,第10期

机译：铜绿假单胞菌PAO的菌毛粘附素的改变导致正常的菌毛生物发生，但是丧失了对人肺细胞的粘附并降低了小鼠的毒力。
3. Disruption of SpoIIID decreases sporulation, increases extracellular proteolytic activity and virulence in Bacillus anthracis [J] . Yufei Lyu, Mengen Gu, Meng Chen, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications . 2019,第3期

机译：SpoIIID的破坏降低了孢子状，增加了杆菌的细胞外蛋白水解活性和毒力
4. Increasing the Biological Activity of Weak Acid Herbicides by Increasing and Decreasing the pH of the Spray Mixture [C] . Jerry M. Green, Theresa Hale, American Society for Testing and Materials(ASTM)(US), Symposium on Pesticide Formulation and Delivery Systems . 2006

机译：通过增加和降低喷雾混合物的pH增加弱酸除草剂的生物活性
5. Conditional Loss of Engrailed 1/2 in Rhombic Lip-Derived Neurons Increases Intrinsic Rhythmicity and Decreases Overall Variability of Eupneic Respiration [D] . ?Taylor, Angela P 2020

机译：在菱形唇源性神经元 ENGRAILED 1/2 的条件损耗增加 Eupneic 呼吸的内在节律性，并降低总体变异
6. Alteration of the pilin adhesin of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO results in normal pilus biogenesis but a loss of adherence to human pneumocyte cells and decreased virulence in mice. [O] . M A Farinha, B D Conway, L M Glasier, 2018

机译：铜绿假单胞菌PAO的菌毛粘附素的改变导致正常的菌毛生物发生，但是丧失了对人肺细胞的粘附并降低了小鼠的毒力。
7. Endothermy of dynastine scarab beetles (Cyclocephala colasi) associated with pollination biology of a thermogenic arum lily (Philodendron solimoesense) : Cyclocephala colasi beetles are facultative endotherms that spend most of their adult lives inside the inflorescences of Philodendron solimoesense, where ambient temperature (Ta) averages about 28°C due to floral thermogenesis. Measurements of respiration within a range of Ta showed that active beetles became spontaneously endothermic at Ta below 28°C but were rarely endothermic above it. There was no evidence of endothermy within the inflorescences, indicating that activities in the floral chamber can occur without the high energy expense of endothermy. Bouts of endothermy occurred at lower Ta in respirometer chambers mainly in the evening, when the insects normally fly from one inflorescence to another, and during the night, when they normally eat and mate within the inflorescence. Patterns of endothermy in individual episodes were studied in non-flying beetles with respirometry and infrared thermal imaging. Heat was generated in the thorax by oscillatory waves of respiration that were coupled with thoracic temperature (Tth) increases. Stationary beetles could regulate Tth at about 33°C independently of Ta between 16 and 29°C. At Ta20°C, this represents a 116-fold increase in metabolic rate over resting, ectothermic values. Endothermy was clearly a requirement for flight, and beetles departing inflorescences warmed to about 30°C before take-off. During flight, Tth was dependent on Ta, decreasing from 37 to 28°C at Ta of 37 to 20°C, respectively. The lowest Ta at which flight could occur was about 20°C. Thermal conductance of stationary, endothermic beetles increased at higher metabolic rates, probably because of increased ventilatory heat loss. [O] . Seymour, R.S., White, C.R., Gibernau, Marc 2009

机译：与产热香芋百合（Philodendron solimoesense）授粉生物学相关的动态圣甲虫（Cyclocephala colasi）吸热：Cyclocephala colasi甲虫是兼性吸热体，它们大部分成年生活都在Philodendron solimoesense的花序中，其平均温度（Ta）由于花的生热作用，温度约为28°C。在Ta范围内的呼吸测量表明，活跃的甲虫在Ta低于28°C时会自发吸热，而在Ta高于28°C时很少吸热。在花序中没有吸热的迹象，表明花室中的活动可以在没有高的吸热能量消耗的情况下发生。吸热的爆发主要发生在晚上，当昆虫通常从一个花序飞到另一个花序时，以及在晚上，它们通常在花序中进食并交配时，在呼吸计室的较低Ta处发生。在非飞行甲虫中通过呼吸测定法和红外热成像研究了单个发作中的吸热模式。伴随着胸温（Tth）升高的呼吸振荡波在胸腔中产生热量。固定甲虫可以在约33°C的温度下调节Tth，而与Ta在16至29°C之间的温度无关。在Ta20°C下，这表示其代谢速率比静止的，等温的升高116倍。吸热显然是飞行的要求，离开花序的甲虫在起飞前会升温到约30°C。在飞行过程中，Tth取决于Ta，在Ta从37降至20°C时，Tth分别从37°C降至28°C。可能发生飞行的最低Ta约为20°C。固定的，吸热的甲虫的热导率以较高的代谢率增加，这可能是由于通风热损失增加所致。
8. Mutations in the Histone-like Nucleoid Structuring Regulatory Gene (hns) Decrease the Adherence of Shiga Toxin-producing Escherichia coli 091:H21 Strain B2F1 to Human Colonic Epithelial Cells and Increase the Production of Hemolysin. [R] . Scott, M. E. 1999

机译：组蛋白样核结构调节基因（hns）中的突变降低产生志贺毒素的大肠杆菌091：H21菌株B2F1对人结肠上皮细胞的粘附性并增加溶血素的产生。

Loss of the Capsule Increases the Adherence Activity but Decreases the Virulence of Avibacterium paragallinarum

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