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Biology of flower-infecting fungi

机译：花感染真菌的生物学

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The ability to infect host flowers offers important ecological benefits to plant-parasitic fungi; not surprisingly, therefore, numerous fungal species from a wide range of taxonomic groups have adopted a life style that involves flower infection. Although flower-infecting fungi are very diverse, they can be classified readily into three major groups: opportunistic, unspecialized pathogens causing necrotic symptoms such as blossom blights (group 1), and specialist flower pathogens which infect inflorescences either through the gynoecium (group 2) or systemically through the apical meristem (group 3). This three-tier system is supported by life history attributes such as host range, mode of spore transmission, degree of host sterilization as a result of infection, and whether or not the fungus undergoes an obligate sexual cycle, produces resting spores in affected inflorescences, and is r- or K-selected. Across the three groups, the flower as an infection court poses important challenges for disease management. Ecologically and evolutionarily, terms and concepts borrowed from the study of venereal (sexually transmitted) diseases of animals do not adequately capture the range of strategies employed by fungi that infect flowers.
机译：感染寄主花的能力为植物寄生真菌提供了重要的生态效益;因此，毫不奇怪，来自不同分类学类别的众多真菌物种已经采用了涉及花朵感染的生活方式。尽管感染花的真菌种类繁多，但可以很容易地将它们分为三大类：引起坏死症状的机会性，非专业病原体，例如花叶枯萎病（第1组），以及通过妇科感染花序的专门花病原体（第2组）。或系统地通过顶端分生组织（第3组）。这三层系统由生命历史属性（例如寄主范围，孢子传播方式，感染导致的寄主灭菌程度以及真菌是否经历专性性周期，在受影响的花序中产生静止的孢子）支持，并且已选择r或K。在这三个群体中，以花为感染场对疾病管理提出了重要挑战。从生态学和进化论的角度来看，从动物的性病（性传播疾病）研究中借用的术语和概念不能充分反映真菌感染花的策略范围。

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