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首页> 外文期刊>Briefings in functional genomics & proteomics >Pervasive transcription of the eukaryotic genome: functional indices and conceptual implications
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Pervasive transcription of the eukaryotic genome: functional indices and conceptual implications

机译：真核生物基因组的普遍转录：功能指标和概念意义

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Genome-wide analyses of the eukaryotic transcriptome have revealed that the majority of the genome is transcribed, producing large numbers of non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). This surprising observation challenges many assumptions about the genetic programming of higher organisms and how information is stored and organized within the genome. Moreover, the rapid advances in genomics have given little opportunity for biologists to integrate these emerging findings into their intellectual and experimental frameworks. This problem has been compounded by the perception that genome-wide studies often generate more questions than answers, which in turn has led to confusion and controversy. In this article, we address common questions associated with the phenomenon of pervasive transcription and consider the indices that can be used to evaluate the function (or lack thereof) of the resulting ncRNAs. We suggest that many lines of evidence, including expression profiles, conservation signatures, chromatin modification patterns and examination of increasing numbers of individual cases, argue in favour of the widespread functionality of non-coding transcription. We also discuss how informatic and experimental approaches used to analyse protein-coding genes may not be applicable to ncRNAs and how the general perception that protein-coding genes form the main informational output of the genome has resulted in much of the misunderstanding surrounding pervasive transcription and its potential significance. Finally, we present the conceptual implications of the majority of the eukaryotic genome being functional and describe how appreciating this perspective will provide considerable opportunity to further understand the molecular basis of development and complex diseases.
机译：全基因组的真核转录组分析表明，大多数基因组被转录，产生大量非蛋白质编码RNA（ncRNA）。这一令人惊讶的发现挑战了有关高等生物的遗传程序以及信息如何在基因组中存储和组织的许多假设。此外，基因组学的飞速发展为生物学家提供了很少的机会将这些新兴发现整合到他们的智力和实验框架中。人们认为，全基因组研究通常会产生更多的问题而不是答案，这反过来又引起了混乱和争议。在本文中，我们将解决与普遍转录现象相关的常见问题，并考虑可用于评估所得ncRNA功能（或缺乏其功能）的指标。我们建议，包括表达谱，保守性签名，染色质修饰模式以及越来越多的个别病例检查在内的许多证据都主张非编码转录的广泛功能。我们还将讨论用于分析蛋白质编码基因的信息学和实验方法如何可能不适用于ncRNA，以及蛋白质编码基因形成基因组主要信息输出的一般认识如何导致对周围无处不在的转录和转录的许多误解。其潜在的意义。最后，我们介绍了大多数真核生物基因组发挥功能的概念意义，并描述了如何欣赏这一观点将为进一步理解发育和复杂疾病的分子基础提供巨大的机会。

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