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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Climatology: A Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society >Influence of Central and East ENSO on extreme events of precipitation in South America during austral spring and summer
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Influence of Central and East ENSO on extreme events of precipitation in South America during austral spring and summer

机译：中部和东部ENSO对南美洲春季和夏季降水极端事件的影响

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摘要

Recent studies show that different types of ENSO influence the atmospheric fields differently. In this study, precipitation anomalies and extreme events over South America are analysed with relation to two types of ENSO [East (strong Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies (SSTA) on East Pacific) and Central (strong SSTA on Central Pacific)]. The composites of precipitation anomalies, during these two types of ENSO, show that there are different patterns, e.g. during austral summer of Central El Nino (CEN) there are negative precipitation anomalies in eastern Brazil that do not exist in East El Nino (EEN), whereas in southern Brazil there are positive precipitation anomalies during EEN that do not exist in CEN. Furthermore, the anomalies are mostly stronger and more extensive during EEN (Central La Nina - CLN) than in CEN (East La Nina - ELN), although there are some exceptions, such as during austral spring in southern Brazil, where anomalies during CEN (ELN) are stronger than during EEN (CLN). The anomalous frequency of extreme precipitation events shows generally patterns consistent with the anomalous precipitation behaviour, though the patterns are not always coincident, because the regions with significant increase of frequency of extreme events tend to be more extensive than those with increased seasonal precipitation. When the monthly or seasonal atmospheric anomalies associated with a type of ENSO episode are very similar (opposite) to the atmospheric anomalies associated with extreme precipitation in a certain region, then a significant enhancement (suppression) of the frequency of extreme events is observed in that region during this type of episode.
机译：最近的研究表明，不同类型的ENSO对大气场的影响不同。在这项研究中，分析了南美洲上空的降水异常和极端事件，涉及两种类型的ENSO [东部（东太平洋海表温度异常（SSTA））和中部（中太平洋海表强烈SSTA）]。在这两种ENSO过程中，降水异常的复合物显示出不同的模式，例如在中部厄尔尼诺现象（CEN）的南半球夏季，在东部的厄尔尼诺（EEN）不存在负的降水异常，而在巴西南部的中部厄尔尼诺（CEN）中没有正的降水异常。此外，尽管有一些例外情况，例如在巴西南部的南方春季，CEN期间的异常（ ELN）比EEN（CLN）期间强。极端降水事件的异常频率通常显示出与异常降水行为一致的模式，尽管这些模式并不总是一致的，因为极端事件发生频率显着增加的区域往往比季节性降水增加的区域更广泛。当与某种ENSO事件相关的每月或季节性大气异常与某个区域中与极端降水相关的大气异常非常相似（相反）时，则可以观察到极端事件发生频率的显着增强（抑制）这种情节期间的区域。

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