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首页> 外文期刊>International journal of fertility and women's medicine >Micronutrients in women's reproductive health: II. Minerals and trace elements.
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Micronutrients in women's reproductive health: II. Minerals and trace elements.

机译：妇女生殖健康中的微量营养素：II。矿物质和微量元素。

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It is widely accepted that micronutrients have a major function in many periods of women's life, particularly during pregnancy and lactation. Inadequate stores or intake of micronutrients might have adverse effects both to the mother (hypertension, anemia, complications of labor) and the fetus (congenital malformations, pre-term delivery, intrauterine growth retardation). The effect of improper nutrition is influenced by gestational age, severity of deficiency, or both. Generally, the daily requirements in minerals and trace elements are easily met in women having a balanced diet. Such diet during pregnancy should provide the recommended daily allowance of all nutrients except elemental iron. Consequently, deficiency states are supposed to be rare in developed countries, and supplementation should be made on an individual basis. On the other hand, nutritional deficiencies during pregnancy might be difficult to detect. Studies from developing countries where micronutrient malnutrition is common during pregnancy gave us strong evidence that supplementation of certain trace elements and minerals could prevent some of the most severe adverse pregnancy outcomes. While some micronutrients have been studied extensively (e.g. calcium, iron, zinc, iodine), much less is known about others. It has been shown that multiple micronutrient deficiencies, rather than single deficiencies, are common. Our knowledge about the significance of interactions between micronutrients in relation to pregnancy outcome is limited. The role of these interactions in improving pregnancy outcome need to be investigated more precisely. According to the summarized data, the potential benefits of routine supplementation seem to outweigh any potential adverse reaction that can be attributed to their consumption.
机译：微量营养素在妇女一生的许多时期都具有主要功能，这一点已被广泛接受，尤其是在怀孕和哺乳期。微量营养素的储存或摄入不足可能对母亲（高血压，贫血，分娩并发症）和胎儿（先天性畸形，早产，宫内发育迟缓）都有不利影响。营养不良的影响会受到胎龄，缺乏症严重程度或两者的影响。通常，饮食均衡的女性很容易满足矿物质和微量元素的日常需求。怀孕期间的这种饮食应提供建议的每日允许的所有营养素，元素铁除外。因此，缺乏状态在发达国家应该很少见，应根据个人情况进行补充。另一方面，怀孕期间的营养缺乏症可能很难发现。来自发展中国家的研究表明，怀孕期间微量营养素营养不良很常见，这为我们提供了强有力的证据，表明补充某些微量元素和矿物质可以预防某些最严重的不良妊娠结局。尽管对某些微量营养素（例如钙，铁，锌，碘）进行了广泛的研究，但对其他微量营养素的了解却很少。已经表明，多种微量营养素缺乏症是普遍存在的，而不是单一的缺乏症。我们对微量营养素之间的相互作用与妊娠结局之间关系的重要性的认识有限。这些相互作用在改善妊娠结局中的作用需要更精确地研究。根据汇总数据，常规补充剂的潜在益处似乎超过了可能归因于其食用的任何不良反应。

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