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首页> 外文期刊>International journal of hyperthermia: The official journal of European Society for Hyperthermic Oncology, North American Hyperthermia Group >Old and new facts about hyperthermia-induced modulations of the immune system
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Old and new facts about hyperthermia-induced modulations of the immune system

机译：关于热疗诱导的免疫系统调节的新老事实

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Hyperthermia (HT) is a potent sensitiser for radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT) and has been proven to modulate directly or indirectly cells of the innate and adaptive immune system. We will focus in this article on how anti-tumour immunity can be induced by HT. In contrast to some in vitro assays, in vivo examinations showed that natural killer cells and phagocytes like granulocytes are directly activated against the tumour by HT. Since heat also activates dendritic cells (DCs), HT should be combined with further death stimuli (RT, CT or immune therapy) to allocate tumour antigen, derived from, for example, necrotic tumour cells, for uptake by DCs. We will outline that induction of immunogenic tumour cells and direct tumour cell killing by HT in combination with other therapies contributes to immune activation against the tumour. Studies will be presented showing that non-beneficial effects of HT on immune cells are mostly timely restricted. A special focus is set on immune activation mediated by extracellular present heat shock proteins (HSPs) carrying tumour antigens and further danger signals released by dying tumour cells. Local HT treatment in addition to further stress stimuli exerts abscopal effects and might be considered as in situ tumour vaccination. An increased natural killer (NK) cell activity, lymphocyte infiltration and HSP-mediated induction of immunogenic tumour cells have been observed in patients. Treatments with the addition of HT therefore can be considered as a personalised cancer treatment approach by specifically activating the immune system against the individual unique tumour.
机译：热疗（HT）是一种有效的放射疗法（RT）和化学疗法（CT）敏化剂，已被证明可直接或间接调节先天性和适应性免疫系统的细胞。我们将在本文中重点讨论HT如何诱导抗肿瘤免疫力。与某些体外测定法相反，体内检查显示天然杀伤细胞和吞噬细胞（如粒细胞）被HT直接激活以对抗肿瘤。由于热量还可以激活树突状细胞（DC），因此应将HT与进一步的死亡刺激物（RT，CT或免疫疗法）结合使用，以分配来源于DC的肿瘤抗原，例如，坏死的肿瘤细胞。我们将概述与其他疗法结合使用HT诱导免疫原性肿瘤细胞和直接杀死肿瘤细胞有助于抗肿瘤的免疫活化。将会有研究表明，HT对免疫细胞的非有益作用通常会受到及时限制。特别关注的是由携带肿瘤抗原的细胞外存在的热休克蛋白（HSP）介导的免疫激活以及垂死的肿瘤细胞释放的其他危险信号。除进一步的应激刺激外，局部HT治疗还发挥了重要作用，可能被认为是原位肿瘤疫苗。在患者中已观察到自然杀伤（NK）细胞活性增加，淋巴细胞浸润和HSP介导的免疫原性肿瘤细胞的诱导。因此，通过特异性激活针对个体独特肿瘤的免疫系统，可以将添加HT的治疗视为个性化的癌症治疗方法。

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