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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control >A feasibility and efficiency study of seismic waveform inversion for time-lapse monitoring of onshore CO2 geological storage sites using reflection seismic acquisition geometries
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A feasibility and efficiency study of seismic waveform inversion for time-lapse monitoring of onshore CO2 geological storage sites using reflection seismic acquisition geometries

机译：利用反射式地震采集几何图形反演地震波波形以进行陆上CO2地质封存站点时移监测的可行性和效率研究

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Monitoring of the CO2 distribution at depth is imperative for onshore geological storage of CO2. Seismic methods are effective monitoring tools during and after the injection process, but are generally expensive and time consuming to perform. In this paper we perform a series of synthetic experiments in order to compare the seismic waveform inversion method with conventional seismic monitoring methods for time-lapse monitoring at CO2 geological storage sites. We mainly focus our study on seismic data sets with typical reflection acquisition geometries that is far offset limited. Two synthetic seismic data sets (consisting of one baseline and repeat) were generated by a third party 2D forward modeling code to compare the waveform inversion method with a conventional time-lapse procedure. The velocity models are based on a simplified structure of the Heletz site in Israel. The area into which CO2 is injected is on the order of a few hundred meters wide and a few 10 s of meters high. We compare the waveform inversion results and conventional time-lapse results to determine how sparse spatial sampling affects the results by increasing both the shot and receiver spacing. We test the waveform inversion method for a synthetic time-lapse data set with different inversion strategies. First, we invert each data set independently by using both phase and amplitude information. Then we invert them by using only phase information. We also test the influence of the starting model. Finally, we test the double difference inversion method which is equivalent to only inverting the difference between the baseline and repeat data sets. During the test a relative coarse starting model and higher starting frequency were used in order to better represent real seismic reflection data. Our results show that, under certain noise conditions, it may be possible to use a combination of sparse spatial sampling geometries and seismic waveform inversion to monitor the velocity changes caused by CO2 injection. We conclude that seismic waveform inversion may be a good complement to standard CDP processing when monitoring CO2 injection. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：对于陆上二氧化碳地质存储，深度监测二氧化碳分布势在必行。地震方法是在注入过程中和注入过程之后的有效监视工具，但是通常昂贵且执行耗时。在本文中，我们进行了一系列综合实验，以比较地震波形反演方法与常规地震监测方法在CO2地质封存地点的时滞监测。我们主要将研究重点放在具有典型反射采集几何形状且远偏移有限的地震数据集上。第三方2D正演建模代码生成了两个合成地震数据集（由一个基线和重复项组成），以将波形反演方法与常规时移过程进行比较。速度模型基于以色列Heletz站点的简化结构。向其中注入CO2的区域大约是几百米宽，几十几米高。我们将波形反演结果与常规时移结果进行比较，以确定稀疏空间采样如何通过增加发射和接收器间距来影响结果。我们测试了具有不同反演策略的合成延时数据集的波形反演方法。首先，我们通过使用相位和幅度信息独立地反转每个数据集。然后，我们仅使用相位信息将它们反转。我们还测试了初始模型的影响。最后，我们测试了双重差异反演方法，该方法等效于仅反演基线和重复数据集之间的差异。在测试过程中，使用了相对粗糙的启动模型和较高的启动频率，以便更好地表示真实的地震反射数据。我们的结果表明，在某些噪声条件下，可能可以使用稀疏空间采样几何形状和地震波形反演的组合来监视由二氧化碳注入引起的速度变化。我们得出结论，在监测二氧化碳注入时，地震波形反演可能是对标准CDP处理的很好的补充。 （C）2015 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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