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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Mechanical Sciences >C{sup}0 plate element for global/local analysis of multilayered composites, based on a 3D zig-zag model and strain energy updating
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C{sup}0 plate element for global/local analysis of multilayered composites, based on a 3D zig-zag model and strain energy updating

机译：基于3D之字形模型和应变能更新的C {sup} 0板单元，用于多层复合材料的全局/局部分析

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Laminated and sandwich composites, which find applications as primary structures where weight saving is crucial, absorb energy through a variety of local failure modes. Since this damage accumulation could adversely affect the structural performances and the service life, an intensive research activity has been oriented towards suitable computational models. To support the optimization processes within the damage-tolerant design approach, low computational cost, refined zig-zag models and postprocessing procedures enabling the prediction of interlaminar stresses with the desired accuracy have been recently developed. In this paper, a 3D zig-zag plate model based upon the kinematics and nodal degrees of freedom of classical plate models, corresponding finite element and related postprocessing procedures are developed to efficiently and accurately predict ply level stresses in laminated and sandwich composites. To overcome the C2 continuity requirement for shape functions which results from enforcement of the continuity of interlaminar shear and normal stresses and of the transverse normal stress gradient at the layer interfaces, the higher-order energy contributions brought about by this model are incorporated through strain energy updating into a C° parent eight-node plate element based on the first-order shear deformation plate theory. This energy updating is made possible by the coinciding functional degrees of freedom of the two models. A postprocessing iterative procedure is developed to obtain the suited interdependent interpolation of displacement and stresses required for capturing interlaminar stresses at the ply level with the desired accuracy. The accuracy of the present element is assessed by comparing its predictions with the stress fields of the elasticity solution for a very thick, simply supported sandwich beam with laminated faces, loaded by a sinusoidal heap loading. In addition, a comparison is made with the predictions of a mixed solid element recently developed by the author, in terms of accuracy and costs by a discrete-layer model. To test the present element in a situation of practical use, the damage of stiffened panels undergoing impact loads is evaluated by different criteria and compared with that detected by ultrasonic inspection, the exact elasticity solution not being available in this case. The present element appears cost-effective and able to accurately predict the interlaminar stresses also when composites are thick, and suitable for predicting impact-induced damage.
机译：层压和三明治复合材料在减轻重量至关重要的主要结构中找到了应用，它们通过各种局部破坏模式吸收能量。由于这种损坏的累积可能会对结构性能和使用寿命产生不利影响，因此针对合适的计算模型进行了深入的研究。为了在容错设计方法中支持优化过程，最近开发了低计算成本，改进的之字形模型和后处理程序，从而能够以所需的精度预测层间应力。在本文中，基于经典板模型的运动学和节点自由度，相应的有限元以及相关的后处理程序，开发了一种3D之字形板模型，以有效，准确地预测层压复合材料和夹芯复合材料的板层应力。为克服形状函数的C2连续性要求，该要求是由于层间剪力和法向应力的连续性以及层界面处的横向法向应力梯度的强制执行而产生的，该模型通过应变能合并了较高阶的能量贡献基于一阶剪切变形板理论将其更新为C°父级八节点板单元。通过两个模型的功能自由度一致，可以进行能量更新。开发了一种后处理迭代程序，以获取合适的相互依赖的位移和应力插值，以便以所需的精度捕获层层上的层间应力。通过将其预测值与非常厚的简单支撑的夹层梁（带叠层面）进行正弦堆积载荷加载，将其预测结果与弹性解决方案的应力场进行比较，可以评估当前单元的准确性。此外，在离散度模型的准确性和成本方面，还与作者最近开发的混合固体元素的预测进行了比较。为了在实际使用的情况下测试本元件，通过不同的标准评估了承受冲击载荷的加劲板的损坏，并与通过超声检查检测到的损坏进行了比较，在这种情况下无法获得确切的弹性解决方案。当复合材料很厚时，本发明的元件似乎具有成本效益，并且能够准确地预测层间应力，并且适合于预测冲击引起的损伤。

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