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Effective nutritional ergogenic aids.

机译:有效的营养性人体工学助剂。

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摘要

Athletes use a variety of nutritional ergogenic aids to enhance performance. Most nutritional aids can be categorized as a potential energy source, an anabolic enhancer, a cellular component, or a recovery aid. Studies have consistently shown that carbohydrates consumed immediately before or after exercise enhance performance by increasing glycogen stores and delaying fatigue. Protein and amino acid supplementation may serve an anabolic role by optimizing body composition crucial in strength-related sports. Dietary antioxidants, such as vitamins C and E and carotenes, may prevent oxidative stress that occurs with intense exercise. Performance during high-intensity exercise, such as sprinting, may be improved with short-term creatine loading, and high effort exercise lasting 1-7 min may be improved through bicarbonate loading immediately prior to activity. Caffeine dosing before exercise delays fatigue and may enhance performance of high-intensity exercise.
机译:运动员使用各种营养性人体工学助剂来增强运动表现。大多数营养辅助剂可归类为潜在能源,合成代谢增强剂,细胞成分或恢复辅助剂。研究一致表明,运动前或运动后立即消耗的碳水化合物可通过增加糖原存储和延迟疲劳来增强运动能力。蛋白质和氨基酸的补充可以通过优化对强度相关运动至关重要的身体组成来发挥合成代谢的作用。饮食中的抗氧化剂,例如维生素C,E和胡萝卜素,可以防止剧烈运动引起的氧化应激。短期肌酸负荷可以改善高强度运动(例如短跑)的表现,而活动前立即通过碳酸氢盐负荷可以改善持续1-7分钟的高强度运动。运动前服用咖啡因可延缓疲劳,并可增强高强度运动的表现。

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