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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Technology Management: The Journal of the Technology Management of Technology, Engineering Management, Technology Policy and Strategy >NEW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND INFORMALITY - COMPARING ORGANIZATIONAL INFORMATION FLOWS USING THE CSM
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NEW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND INFORMALITY - COMPARING ORGANIZATIONAL INFORMATION FLOWS USING THE CSM

机译：新的信息技术和非正式性-使用CSM比较组织的信息流

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Information flows are exceedingly contingent, situation-bound, and dependent on the perceptions and complex relationships among the people involved. Yet, historically, analysts have characterized organizational information flows in simple dichotomous terms: task vs. social, downward vs. upward, message vs. feedback, routine vs. innovative. One of the most durable of these dichotomies has been 'formal' vs. 'informal'. Although these terms are sometimes used to denote the style of the message or its organizational origins, most of the time information exchange is considered formal or informal depending on which channels are used. 'Formal' exchanges employ documented information that is distributed in a one-way, hierarchical manner. 'Informal' exchanges involve interpersonal interactions that leave little or no permanent record (e.g., face-to-face or telephone conversations). In this paper we argue that the notion of formal vs. informal information flows is not just a matter of channel or technology choice. Information exhange can be better understood in terms of how individuals perceive six key factors or elements of the Communication Situations Model (CSM), a framework for analyzing and understanding communication in technology-intensive environments and the corresponding patterns of information flows in those contexts. The main elements of the CSM are described (culture, relationships, content, temporality, involvement, and control), and 'formal' and 'informal' information flows are compared in terms of all six factors. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of increased reliance on new information technologies in organizations, and of the trend toward informal styles of information exchange that characterizes such information environments. [References: 41]
机译：信息流是非常偶然的，受情况限制，并且取决于相关人员之间的感知和复杂的关系。但是，从历史上看，分析人员以简单的二分法来描述组织信息流：任务与社会，向下与向上，消息与反馈，日常与创新。这些二分法中最持久的一种是“正式”与“非正式”。尽管有时使用这些术语来表示消息的样式或其组织起源，但在大多数情况下，取决于使用哪种渠道，信息交换被视为正式或非正式的。 “正式”交易所采用以单向，分层的方式分发的文档化信息。非正式交流涉及很少或没有永久记录的人际互动（例如面对面或电话交谈）。在本文中，我们认为正式与非正式信息流的概念不仅仅是渠道或技术选择的问题。可以通过以下方式更好地了解信息交换，即个人如何看待沟通状况模型（CSM）的六个关键因素或要素，用于分析和理解技术密集型环境中的沟通的框架以及在这些情况下的相应信息流模式。描述了CSM的主要元素（文化，关系，内容，时间，参与和控制），并根据所有六个因素对“正式”和“非正式”信息流进行了比较。本文最后讨论了组织中越来越依赖新信息技术的含义，以及这种信息环境所特有的非正式信息交换风格的趋势。 [参考：41]

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