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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Zoology >Food Abundance Is the Main Determinant of High-Altitude Range Use in Snub-Nosed Monkeys
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Food Abundance Is the Main Determinant of High-Altitude Range Use in Snub-Nosed Monkeys

机译：食物丰富是鼻鼻猴高海拔范围使用的主要决定因素

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摘要

High-altitude dwelling primates have to optimize navigating a space that contains both a vertical and horizontal component. Black-and-white or Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus bieti) are extreme by primate standards in inhabiting relatively cold subalpine temperate forests at very high altitudes where large seasonal variation in climate and food availability is expected to profoundly modulate their ranging strategies so as to ensure a positive energy balance. A "semi-nomadic" group of R. bieti was followed for 20 months in the montane Samage Forest, Baimaxueshan Nature Reserve, Yunnan, PRC, which consisted of evergreen conifers, oaks, and deciduous broadleaf trees. The aim of this study was to disentangle the effects of climate and phenologyon patterns of altitudinal range use. Altitude used by the group ranged from a maximum of 3550 m in July 2007 to a minimum of 3060 m in April 2006. The proportional use of lichen, the monkeys' staple fallback food, in the diet explained more variation in monthly use of altitudes than climatic factors and availability of flush and fruit. The abundance of lichens at high altitudes, the lack of alternative foods in winter, and the need to satisfy the monkey's basal energetic requirements explain the effect of lichenivory on use of altitudes.
机译：高海拔的灵长类动物必须优化同时包含垂直和水平成分的空间的导航。按照灵长类动物的标准，黑白或云南冷鼻猴（Rhinopithecus bieti）在极端高寒的亚寒带温带森林中栖息是极度极端的，那里气候和食物供应的季节性大变化将极大地影响其范围调整策略，例如确保积极的能量平衡。在中国云南白马克斯山自然保护区的山地萨格奇森林中，跟随了一个“半游牧”的比蒂鼠（R. bieti）群，历时20个月，该群由常绿的针叶树，橡树和落叶阔叶树组成。这项研究的目的是弄清气候和物候对海拔范围使用方式的影响。该小组使用的海拔高度从2007年7月的最高3550 m到2006年4月的最低3060 m不等。饮食中按比例使用猴子的主要后备食物地衣的原因是，海拔高度的每月使用量比气候因素以及潮红和水果的供应。海拔较高的地衣丰富，冬季缺乏替代食品以及满足猴子的基础能量需求的需要解释了海拔高度下地衣的影响。

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