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首页> 外文期刊>Israel Journal of Plant Sciences >Enrichment of Pisum sativum gene resources through combined use of physical and chemical mutagens
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Enrichment of Pisum sativum gene resources through combined use of physical and chemical mutagens

机译：通过结合使用物理和化学诱变剂来丰富豌豆（Pisum sativum）基因资源

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摘要

The potential of induced mutations is of importance in genetic improvement of crops. In the experiments different physical and chemical mutagens were used (gamma-rays, fast neutrons, ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), ethylene imine (EI), diethyl sulfate (DES), and nitroso methyl urethane (NMU)) applied in single or combined treatments. Frequency of main mutations was considerably higher after combined treatment compared to single treatment. Combined treatment with 150 Gy and 0.01% NMU caused a hyper-additive mutation effect (4.76%), double the theoretically expected one, The chemical mutagen concentrations had considerable influence on the effect of the combined treatment. The mutation spectrum also differed in various kinds of treatments. Significant changes in the mutagen efficiency occurred with the increase of EMS concentrations in combined treatment with gamma-rays. The highest efficiency coefficient (3.65) was obtained in the variant with 40 Gy gamma-rays and 0.2% EMS, which correlates with the highest mutation frequency 7.88%). The highest efficiency coefficient was obtained when LD40 doses of die two mutagens were applied, The obtained hyper-additive effects caused higher genetic variability in pea and to a large extent increased the possibilities for screening of mutants with useful breeding traits, Mutagen lines with economically useful characters were obtained.
机译：诱导突变的潜力在作物遗传改良中很重要。在实验中，使用了不同的物理和化学诱变剂（伽马射线，快中子，甲磺酸乙酯（EMS），亚乙基亚胺（EI），硫酸二乙酯（DES）和亚硝基甲基氨基甲酸酯（NMU）） 。与单一治疗相比，联合治疗后主要突变的发生率明显更高。 150 Gy和0.01％NMU的联合处理产生了超加性突变效应（4.76％），是理论上预期的两倍。化学诱变剂浓度对联合处理的效果影响很大。突变谱在各种治疗中也有所不同。诱变效率的显着变化随γ射线联合治疗中EMS浓度的增加而发生。在具有40 Gyγ射线和0.2％EMS的变体中，获得了最高效率系数（3.65），这与最高突变频率（7.88％）相关。当使用LD40剂量的两个诱变剂时，可获得最高的效率系数。所获得的超加性效应导致豌豆的遗传变异性更高，并在很大程度上增加了筛选具有有用育种性状，具有经济价值的诱变品系的可能性获得了字符。

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