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首页> 外文期刊>Irrigazione e Drenaggio >Stima giornaliera dell'evapotraspirazione di riferimento mediante i modelli di Penman-Monteith e Priestley-Taylor, usando input climatici minimi
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Stima giornaliera dell'evapotraspirazione di riferimento mediante i modelli di Penman-Monteith e Priestley-Taylor, usando input climatici minimi

机译：使用Penman-Monteith和Priestley-Taylor模型的每日参考蒸散量估算，使用最少的气候输入

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摘要

Both Penman-Monteith (P-M) and Priestley-Taylor (P-T) equations are regarded as good estimators of daily evapotranspiration (ET) in a variety of climatic conditions. ET computation through the P-M model requires daily measures of maximum and minimumtemperature, solar radiation, maximum and minimum relative humidity, and wind speed. P-T does not require relative humidity and wind speed. For areas where only daily temperature data and seasonal wind speed summaries are available, P-M and P-T can notbe applied unless estimates of solar radiation and humidity are obtained from temperature. Daily weather data sets from six world locations were used for this study. Daily P-M and P-T ET values were calculated using either the complete records or considering only maximum and minimum temperature, while solar radiation and relative humidity were estimated. An array of statistical indices was used to evaluate the agreement between temperature-based and complete-record ET estimates. Solar radiation was estimated using the procedure described by Donatelli and Campbell. Maximum and minimum values of relative humidity were estimated using a two steps process: vapour pressure was first estimated from temperature, and then relative humidity from vapour pressure. Daily wind speed values were assumed constant throughout each month at a value equal to the monthly average. Overall, results obtained when comparing P-M and P-T ET values determined from actual and estimated weather records were interesting. The estimation method appeared suitable to calculate daily ET values in arid and semi-arid sites (i.e., Prosser WA, Usa; Tel Hadya, Syria). For temperate sites (Haarweg, The Netherlands; Lleida, Spain; Pisa, Italy) the approach was less satisfactory. Bad responsewas obtained at the tropical site (Los Banos, Philippines).
机译：Penman-Monteith（P-M）和Priestley-Taylor（P-T）方程都被认为是在各种气候条件下每日蒸散量（ET）的良好估计。通过P-M模型进行ET计算需要每天测量最高和最低温度，太阳辐射，最高和最低相对湿度以及风速。 P-T不需要相对湿度和风速。对于仅提供每日温度数据和季节性风速摘要的区域，除非通过温度获得太阳辐射和湿度的估计值，否则无法应用P-M和P-T。这项研究使用了来自六个世界地点的每日天气数据集。使用完整记录或仅考虑最高和最低温度来计算每日P-M和P-T ET值，同时估算太阳辐射和相对湿度。使用一系列统计指标来评估基于温度的记录和完整记录的ET估算之间的一致性。使用Donatelli和Campbell描述的程序估算太阳辐射。相对湿度的最大值和最小值使用两个步骤来估算：首先根据温度估算蒸气压，然后根据蒸气压估算相对湿度。假定每天每个月的风速值恒定，等于每月平均水平。总体而言，比较从实际和估计的天气记录确定的P-M和P-T ET值时获得的结果很有趣。估算方法似乎适合计算干旱和半干旱地区（例如美国的Prosser WA，叙利亚的Tel Hadya）的每日ET值。对于温带地区（荷兰的Haarweg;西班牙的Lleida;意大利的比萨），这种方法不太令人满意。在热带地区（菲律宾洛斯巴诺斯）反应不佳。

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