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首页> 外文期刊>Ecological engineering: The Journal of Ecotechnology >Floristic variation of beach vegetation caused by the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami in northern Tohoku, Japan
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Floristic variation of beach vegetation caused by the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami in northern Tohoku, Japan

机译：日本东北部地区2011年东北海平面海啸造成的海滩植被植物区系变化

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摘要

The infrequency of tsunamis results in a lack of knowledge regarding the impact they have on ecosystems. Comparison of the floristic composition before and after tsunamis using permanent plots is an effective approach to estimate the ecological impacts of tsunamis in coastal environments. Here, we report the floristic changes in beach vegetation in northern Tohoku, Japan caused by the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami. Among the beaches studied, we observed differences in the vegetative characteristics of the beach flora, whereas similarities were found in vegetation response patterns, particularly for herbaceous vegetation. No significant interaction was found between the overall number of vascular plant species or the number of non-beach species and the tsunami disturbance; conversely, on beaches that experienced relatively small impacts, the number of typical/characteristic beach species, Pielou evenness index values, and Shannon-Wiener diversity index values were significantly lower after the tsunami. Following the tsunami, the herbaceous vegetation species composition on all of the beaches was characterized by a few non-beach species that are known to tolerate strong anthropogenic disturbances; in contrast, the damage to shrub vegetation was lower than that to herbaceous vegetation. Our findings are similar to what was observed following the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Thailand, suggesting that the initial response patterns of beach vegetation to tsunamis are similar, regardless of the affected climatic zone and species composition. Long-term field monitoring is needed to elucidate post-tsunami recovery, vegetation succession, and the ecological impact of the increase of non-beach species.
机译：海啸的频发导致缺乏对海啸对生态系统影响的知识。使用永久样地比较海啸前后的植物区系组成是评估海啸对沿海环境的生态影响的有效方法。在这里，我们报告了2011年东北冲木海啸造成的日本东北北部海滩植被的植物区系变化。在研究的海滩中，我们观察到海滩植物的营养特征存在差异，而在植被响应模式中却发现了相似之处，特别是对于草本植被。维管植物物种总数或非海滩物种总数与海啸干扰之间没有发现显着的相互作用。相反，在遭受相对较小影响的海滩上，海啸后典型/特征性海滩物种的数量，Pielou均匀度指数值和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数值显着降低。海啸发生后，所有海滩上的草本植物物种组成都以一些非海滩物种为特征，这些物种已知能够耐受强烈的人为干扰。相反，对灌木植被的损害低于对草本植被的损害。我们的发现与2004年泰国印度洋海啸之后的观察结果相似，这表明，无论受影响的气候区和物种组成如何，海滩植被对海啸的初始响应模式都相似。需要长期的现场监测，以阐明海啸后的恢复，植被演替以及非海滩物种增加对生态的影响。

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