A note on inferences about the median of the distribution of difference scores

Wilcox RR

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A note on inferences about the median of the distribution of difference scores

机译：关于差异分数分布中位数推断的说明

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For two random variables, X and Y, let D=X- Y, and let theta(x), theta(y), and theta(d), be the corresponding medians. It is known that the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test and its modern extensions do not test H-0 : theta(x) = theta(y), but rather, they test H-0 : theta(d) = 0. The article deals with an extension of these methods to dependent groups, so the goal is not to make inferences about the median of the pairwise differences or even the median of the marginal distributions. Rather, if an individual is randomly sampled from the first group and another individual is randomly sampled from the second group, the goal is to make inferences about the median value of the typical difference. The goal is not to suggest that alternative methods be abandoned but rather to provide a perspective on how dependent groups compare that it is similar in spirit to the perspective provided by the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test.

机译：对于两个随机变量X和Y，令D = X- Y，并且让theta（x），theta（y）和theta（d）为相应的中值。众所周知，Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney检验及其现代扩展不检验H-0：theta（x）= theta（y），而是检验H-0：theta（d）= 0。这些方法将扩展方法扩展到相关组，因此目标不是推断成对差异的中位数甚至是边际分布的中位数。相反，如果从第一组中随机抽样一个人，而从第二组中随机抽样另一个人，则目标是推断典型差的中位数。目的不是要建议放弃替代方法，而是要提供一个视角，说明依赖群体如何比较其精神上与威尔科克森·曼·惠特尼检验所提供的观点相似。

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《Educational and Psychological Measurement》 |2006年第4期|共7页
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Wilcox RR;
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正文语种 eng
中图分类教育心理学;
关键词
comparing dependent groups; Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney; bootstrap methods;

机译：比较依赖群体;Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney;引导方法;

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1. A note on inferences about the median of the distribution of difference scores [J] . Wilcox RR Educational and Psychological Measurement . 2006,第4期

机译：关于差异分数分布中位数推断的说明
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机译：建模形状分布和推断以评估形状差异
3. A Robust Nonparametric Measure of Effect Size Based on an Analog of Cohen's d, Plus Inferences About the Median of the Typical Difference [J] . Rand Wilcox Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods . 2018,第2期

机译：基于COHEN的D的模拟的效果大小的强大非参数测量，以及关于典型差异中位数的推断
4. Median-difference window subseries score for contextual anomaly on time series [C] . Artit Sagoolmuang, Krung Sinapiromsaran International Conference of Information and Communication Technology for Embedded Systems . 2017

机译：时间序列上下文异常的中位数差异窗口子序列得分
5. An investigation of using a polynomial loglinear model to evaluate differences in test score distributions. [D] . Talley, Diane. 2009

机译：使用多项式对数线性模型评估测试分数分布的差异的研究。
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机译：关于基因组（甲基化）研究中Beta分布之间确切差异的注释
7. Decision-making is the process of analyzing information about a problem situation and comparing it to a specific conclusion in order to solve a specific problematic (Yıkılmaz, 2001; Miller and Byrnes, 2001). Decision-making styles are a mechanism that is influenced by the internal and external conditions that determine the direction of the decisions of the individual, the content of the decision-making process, and the outcome of the decision-making process (Payne, Bettman and Johson, 1993; Bavol’ár and Orosová, 2015). ACT is a contemporary member of the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy family. ACT (Acceptance and commitment therapy) has both similar and different directions with Behavioral Therapies and Cognitive Therapies (Herbet and Forman, 2011; Hayes, 2004). KKT responds to classical behavioral treatments using both existential and cognitive approaches in the analysis of behavior. KKT is a science wing that tries to solve human problems with a wider perspective aimed at solving problematic human behaviors (Plumb, Stewart, Dahl and Lundgren, 2009). It is seen that there is very little research about the new approach of ACT approach when the aiming country of our country is screened and it is thought that our country will contribute to the field of psychological counseling with the work done. In the scope of the research, experimental and control groups and preliminary test, post-test and follow-up measurements of 2x3 experimental design were used. The study's study group consists of a total of 24 (12 experimental and 12 control groups) university students studying in different departments and levels, continuing their education in the academic year of 2015-2016 in Ağrı province and İbrahim Chechen University in 2015-2016 academic year. The average age of participants in the experiment and control group is 20. There were 12 participants in the experimental group, 7 female and 5 male, and 12 participants, 7 female and 5 male in the control group. Personal Information Form and Decision Making Style Scale prepared by the researcher were used in the research. In order to decide on the tests to be used in the course of analyzing the data, the scores of the participant's Decision Styles Scale pre-test, which are placed primarily in the experimental and control groups, it was analyzed whether the basic expectations of parametric tests were answered. As a result of the analysis made, the scores, skewness and kurtosis coefficients obtained from the Decision Making Styles Scale were given to the experimental and control groups. It was determined that the distribution was normal in the result of Shapiro-Wilk test, in which the skewness and kurtosis coefficients of each sub-scale were ranked between -1 and +1. Participants in the experimental and control groups; homogeneity test results for decision-style pre-test measurements indicate that the data are homogeneous. According to the results of the Mauchly Globalness Test, it has been determined that working supports the hypothesis. It was determined that there was no significant difference between the pre-test scores obtained from dependent decision-making style of experiment and control groups, but the test group showed lower mean scores at the significant level within the scores of post-test and follow-up tests. Therefore, it can be said that the ACT-oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group reduces the dependent decision-making style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions and the psychoeducation program has a lasting effect. It was determined that there was no significant difference between pre-test, post-test and follow-up scores obtained from the Spontaneous-Instant Decision Style of experiment and control groups. Thus, it can be said that this situation does not cause a significant difference in the Spontaneous-Decision-Making Style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions of the ACT-oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group. The ACT -oriented psychoeducation program had a decline in the intuitive decision-making styles of the individuals, but this decrease did not create significant differences. Thus, it can be said that this situation does not make a meaningful difference in the intuitive decision style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions of the KKT oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group. The pre-test scores obtained from the rational decision-making style of the experimental and control groups showed that there was a difference between the post-test and the follow-up scores, but this difference was not significant. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the test group had higher levels of rational decision style than the pre - test scores in the post test and follow - up scores, whereas the post test and follow - up test scores in the control group rational decision style showed a decrease compared to the pre - test scores. the pre - test scores. Decision-making Styles Scale Avoidant Decision Making As a result of the analysis of the mean scores of the subscale scores of pre-test, post-test and follow-up measures, the group effect was found to be insignificant. It was determined that the experimental and control groups differed significantly from the pre-test scores obtained from the avoidant decision-making style but did not show any significant change within the scores of the post-test and follow-up tests. [O] . mustafa ercengiz, ali haydar şar 2018

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8. TABLES FOR MOOD’S DISTRIBUTION-FREE INTERVAL ESTIMATION TECHNIQUE FOR DIFFERENCES BETWEEN TWO MEDIANS [R] . John H. Bowen, Earl D. Sharp 1960

机译：用于两种中位数之间差异的穆斯分布的免费区间估计技术

A note on inferences about the median of the distribution of difference scores

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