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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Soil pipe collapses in a loess pasture of Goodwin Creek watershed, Mississippi: role of soil properties and past land use
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Soil pipe collapses in a loess pasture of Goodwin Creek watershed, Mississippi: role of soil properties and past land use

机译：密西西比州古德温溪流域的黄土牧场中土壤管塌陷：土壤特性和过去土地利用的作用

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Little is known about the association of soil pipe collapse features with soil properties or land use history. Three loess covered catchments in northern Mississippi, USAwere characterized to investigate these relationships. Soil pipe collapses were characterized for their size, type feature and spatial location along with soil properties across the three catchments. Although mapped as the same soil, one of the catchments did not contain pipe collapse features while the other two had 29.4 and 15.4 pipe collapses per hectare. These loess soils contained fragipan layers that are suspected of perching water, thereby initiating the piping processes. Pipe collapses associated with subsurface flow paths were not always consistent with surface topography. The surface layer tended to be non-erodible while layers below, even the upper fragipan layers, were susceptible to erosion by pipeflow. Soil properties of the lowest fragipan layer were highly variable but tended to prevent further downward erosion of soil pipes and thus formed a lower boundary for gullies. Middle to lower landscape positions in one of the piped catchments contained anthropic soils that were highly erodible. These anthropic soils were previously gullies that were filled-in in the 1950s when forested areas, assumed to have been established when land was previously converted from crop to forest land, were converted to pasture. Three decades after this land use change from forest to pasture, pipe collapses became evident. In contrast, the adjacent catchment that does not exhibit pipe collapse features experienced severe sheet and rill erosion prior to the 1930s while in cotton production. The surface horizons above the lower fragipan layer were completely removed during this period, thus the top-soil layer that tends to form a bridge above soil pipes in the more erodible subsoil layers was removed. This study showed that knowledge of soil characteristics or topography alone do not explain the distribution of soil pipe collapses as past land use can play a definitive role. Copyright (C) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译：关于土壤管塌陷特征与土壤性质或土地使用历史的关系知之甚少。对美国密西西比州北部的三个黄土覆盖集水区进行了研究。通过三个集水区的土壤大小，类型特征和空间位置以及土壤特性来表征土壤管道塌陷。尽管将其映射为相同的土壤，但其中一个集水区不包含管道塌陷特征，而其他两个集水区每公顷具有29.4和15.4管道塌陷。这些黄土土壤中含有易碎的fragipan层，怀疑会栖息在水中，从而启动了管道铺设过程。与地下流动路径相关的管道塌陷并不总是与表面形貌一致。表面层趋于不可侵蚀，而下面的层，即使是易碎的上部层，也容易受到管道侵蚀。最低的fragipan层的土壤特性变化很大，但倾向于防止土壤管进一步向下侵蚀，因此形成了沟渠的下边界。其中一个管道集水区的中低景观位置包含高度易蚀的人类土壤。这些人类土壤以前是沟壑，到了1950年代，当森林区（以前是从农作物土地转为林地的土地被改建为牧场）时被填满的。在这片土地用途从森林变成牧场的三十年后，管道坍塌变得很明显。相反，在1930年代之前的棉花生产中，没有集水管塌陷特征的相邻集水区遭受了严重的片层和小溪侵蚀。在此期间，较低的脆弱层上方的地表层被完全去除，因此倾向于在​​较易腐蚀的下层土壤层中的土壤管上方形成桥梁的顶层土壤层被去除。这项研究表明，仅凭土壤特性或地形知识并不能解释土壤管塌陷的分布，因为过去的土地用途可以发挥决定性作用。版权所有（C）2015 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd.

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