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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Modelling soil erosion with a downscaled landscape evolution model
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Modelling soil erosion with a downscaled landscape evolution model

机译：使用缩小的景观演化模型对土壤侵蚀进行建模

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The measurement and prediction of soil erosion is important for understanding both natural and disturbed landscape systems. In particular numerical models of soil erosion are important tools for managing landscapes as well as understanding how they have evolved over time. Over the last 40years a variety of methods have been used to determine rates of soil loss from a landscape and these can be loosely categorized into empirical and physically based models. Alternatively, physically based landscape evolution models (LEMs) have been developed that provide information on soil erosion rates at much longer decadal or centennial scales, over large spatial scales and examine how they may respond to environmental and climatic changes. Both soil erosion LEMs are interested in similar outcomes (landscape development and sediment delivery) yet have quite different methodologies and parameterizations. This paper applies a LEM (the CAESAR model) for the first time at time and space scales where soil erosion models have largely been used. It tests the ability of the LEM to predict soil erosion on a 30m experimental plot on a trial rehabilitated landform in the Northern Territory, Australia. It then continues to discuss the synergies and differences between soil erosion and LEMs. The results demonstrate that once calibrated for the site hydrology, predicted suspended sediment and bedload yields from CAESAR show a close correspondence in both volume and timing of field measured data. The model also predicts, at decadal scales, sediment loads close to that of field measured data. Findings indicate that the small-scale drainage network that forms within these erosion plots is an important control on the timing and magnitude of sediment delivery. Therefore, it is important to use models that can alter the DEM to reflect changing topography and drainage network as well as having a greater emphasis on channel processes.
机译：土壤侵蚀的测量和预测对于理解自然和受干扰的景观系统都很重要。特别是水土流失的数值模型是管理景观以及了解景观如何随着时间演变的重要工具。在过去的40年中，已经使用了多种方法来确定景观土壤流失的速率，这些方法可以粗略地分为经验模型和基于物理的模型。或者，已经开发了基于物理的景观演化模型（LEM），可在较大的空间尺度上以更长的年代或百年尺度提供有关土壤侵蚀速率的信息，并研究它们如何响应环境和气候变化。两种土壤侵蚀LEM都对相似的结果（景观发育和沉积物输送）感兴趣，但方法和参数设置却完全不同。本文首次在大量使用土壤侵蚀模型的时空尺度上应用了LEM（CAESAR模型）。它在澳大利亚北领地的一个经过修复的地貌上的30m实验地块上，测试了LEM预测土壤侵蚀的能力。然后继续讨论土壤侵蚀与LEM之间的协同作用和差异。结果表明，一旦针对现场水文学进行了校准，来自CAESAR的预测悬浮泥沙和床荷产量在实地测量数据的数量和时间方面都显示出紧密的对应关系。该模型还以十年尺度预测接近于实测数据的泥沙负荷。研究结果表明，在这些侵蚀区内形成的小规模排水网络是控制沉积物输送时间和量的重要控制手段。因此，重要的是要使用能够改变DEM的模型，以反映不断变化的地形和排水网络，同时更加强调渠道过程。

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