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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Contrasting flow pathways within tropical forest slopes of Ultisol soils
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Contrasting flow pathways within tropical forest slopes of Ultisol soils

机译：Ultisol土壤热带森林斜坡内的相反流动路径

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摘要

There are very few experimental studies identifying hydrological pathways within rain forest slopes. Such knowledge is, however, necessary to understand why forest disturbance affects rainfall-riverflow response and nutrient migration. This study examines flow pathways within lowland rain forest slopes comprising Udults of the Ultisol soil order. Experimentation was conducted on four SE Asian hillslope units (each 5 x 5 m in plan) in the Bukit Timah catchment (Singapore Island), and in the W8S5 catchment (Sabah, Borneo Island). The flow pathways were identified by artificial tracer experiments. We evaluated how well hydrometric calculations based on tensiometry and permeametry measurements predicted the tracer patterns.The tracer work indicated much faster subsurface flows at Bukit Timah than W8S5 for the storms studied. Some explanation of the greater subsurface waterflows at Bukit Timah in comparison to W8S5 is afforded by the less steep moisture release curves which maintain hydraulic conductivity as the soil dries. Vertical flow of the tracer through the upper 1 m of soil predominated (> 90 per cent of percolation) in the Bukit Timah slopes. In some contrast, a major component (approximately 60 per cent) of the tracer percolation was directed laterally within the W8S5 slopes. The flow vectors calculated using the hydrometric methods did, however, grossly under-estimate the degree of lateral deflection of waterflow generated at W8S5 and to a lesser extent over-estimated it at Bukit Timah. In part, these errors may relate to the inability of traditional hydrometric techniques to fully characterize the effect of the large and small 'natural soil pipes' present within both catchments. In conclusion, the study indicates that marked variations in flow vectors exist within the Udult great group of SE Asian soils and hydrometric calculations may be poor predictors of these dominant pathways. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译：很少有实验研究能够确定雨林斜坡内的水文路径。但是，需要了解这些知识，才能理解为什么森林扰动会影响降雨-河水响应和养分迁移。这项研究检查了低地雨林坡度内的流动路径，包括Ultisol土壤秩序的Udults。在武吉知马集水区（新加坡岛）和W8S5集水区（婆罗洲岛沙巴）的四个东南亚亚洲山坡单元（计划中每个5 x 5 m）上进行了试验。通过人工示踪剂实验确定了流路。我们评估了基于张力和渗透率测量的水文计算预测示踪剂模式的能力。对于研究的风暴，示踪剂工作表明，武吉知马的地下流动比W8S5快得多。与W8S5相比，武吉知马地下水流量更大的一些解释是由于水分释放曲线较陡，土壤干燥时保持了水力传导性。示踪剂垂直流经Bukit Timah斜坡的上部1 m土壤（渗流的90％以上）。相反，示踪剂渗滤的主要成分（约60％）在W8S5斜坡内横向定向。但是，使用水文法计算的流量矢量确实大大低估了W8S5处产生的水流的侧向偏转程度，而在较小程度上高估了武吉知马的水流。这些错误可能部分与传统的水文测量技术无法完全表征两个流域中存在的大大小小的“天然土壤管道”的影响有关。总之，该研究表明，在东南亚的Udult大组土壤中存在着明显的水流矢量变化，而水文学计算可能无法预测这些主要途径。版权所有（c）2005 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd.

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