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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Evaluation of erosion and surface roughness in peatland forest ditches using pin meter measurements and terrestrial laser scanning
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Evaluation of erosion and surface roughness in peatland forest ditches using pin meter measurements and terrestrial laser scanning

机译：使用针式仪表测量和陆地激光扫描评估泥炭地森林沟渠的侵蚀和表面粗糙度

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摘要

Anthropogenic activities on peatlands, such as drainage, can increase sediment transport and deposition downstream resulting in harmful ecological impacts. The objective of this study was to quantify changes in erosion/deposition quantities and surface roughness in peatland forest ditches by measuring changes in ditch cross-sections and surface microtopography with two alternative methods: manual pin meter and terrestrial laser scanning (TSL). The methods were applied to a peat ditch and a ditch with a thin peat layer overlaying erosion sensitive mineral soil within a period of two years following ditch cleaning. The results showed that erosion was greater in the ditch with exposed mineral soil than in the peat ditch. The two methods revealed rather similar estimates of erosion and deposition for the ditch with the thin peat layer where cross-sectional changes were large, whereas the results for smaller scale erosion and deposition at the peat ditch differed. The TLS-based erosion and deposition quantities depended on the size of the sampling window used in the estimations. Surface roughness was smaller when calculated from the pin meter data than from the TLS data. Both methods indicated that roughness increased in the banks of the ditch with a thin peat layer. TLS data showed increased roughness also in the peat ditch. The increase in surface roughness was attributed to erosion and growth of vegetation. Both methods were suitable for the measurements of surface roughness and microtopography at the ditch cross-section scale, but the applicability, rigour, and ease of acquisition of TLS data were more evident. The main disadvantage of the TLS instrument (Leica ScanStation 2) compared with pin meter was that even a shallow layer of humic (dark brown) water prevented detection of the ditch bed. The geomorphological potential of the methods was shown to be limited to detection of surface elevation changes >similar to 0.1 m. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译：泥炭地的人为活动（例如排水）会增加泥沙的输送和下游的沉积，从而造成有害的生态影响。这项研究的目的是通过测量沟渠横截面和表面微观形貌的变化，通过两种可选方法：人工针型计和陆地激光扫描（TSL），来量化泥炭地森林沟渠的侵蚀/沉积量和表面粗糙度的变化。在沟渠清洁后的两年内，将这些方法应用于泥炭沟和具有薄泥炭层并覆盖对侵蚀敏感的矿物土壤的沟渠。结果表明，暴露于矿物土壤的沟渠比泥炭沟的侵蚀更大。两种方法均显示出，对于横截面变化较大的较薄泥炭层的沟渠，其侵蚀和沉积的估算值非常相似，而对于较小尺寸的泥炭沟，侵蚀和沉积的结果却有所不同。基于TLS的侵蚀和沉积量取决于估算中使用的采样窗口的大小。从针式表数据计算得出的表面粗糙度小于从TLS数据得出的表面粗糙度。两种方法均表明，沟渠两岸的泥炭层较薄，粗糙度增加。 TLS数据显示，泥炭沟中的粗糙度也增加了。表面粗糙度的增加归因于植被的侵蚀和生长。两种方法均适用于在沟渠横截面尺度上测量表面粗糙度和微观形貌，但是TLS数据的适用性，严格性和易获取性更加明显。与PIN计相比，TLS仪器（Leica ScanStation 2）的主要缺点在于，即使是较浅的腐殖质（深棕色）水层也无法检测到沟床。结果表明，该方法的地貌潜力仅限于检测> 0.1 m左右的表面高程变化。版权所有（c）2016 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd.

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