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Yeast Pol II start-site selection: the long and the short of it

机译:Yeast Pol II起始站点选择:它的长短

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摘要

The formation of a pre-initiation complex (PIC) is the first step that takes place during transcription by RNA polymerase II (Pol II). The TATA -binding protein binds to the TATA box, thereby positioning the polymerase in the PIC in such a way that it can unwind downstream DNA and lock the template strand in the active site (Bushnell et al, 2004). In metazoans, initiation takes place 25–30 base pairs (bp) downstream of the TATA box (Smale & Kadonaga, 2003), whereas in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, start sites are spread across 40–120 bp downstream of the TATA box (Hampsey, 1998). The rules that control selection of the Pol II start point are not well understood. In metazoans, start sites often occur at a conserved initiator sequence (Smale & Kadonaga, 2003), whereas yeast initiators are more divergent (Zhang & Dietrich, 2005) and the polymerase has been proposed to ‘scan’ the downstream sequences for optimal start sites (Giardina & Lis, 1993; Kuehner & Brow, 2008). Several articles recently published by the Brow, Lacroute, Libri and Reines laboratories show that start-site selection has an important role in regulating the expression of genes of the S. cerevisiae nucleotidebiosynthetic pathways ( Jenks et al, 2008; Kuehner & Brow, 2008; Kwapisz et al, 2008; Thiebaut et al, 2008).
机译:预聚合复合物(PIC)的形成是RNA聚合酶II(Pol II)转录过程中的第一步。 TATA结合蛋白与TATA盒结合,从而将聚合酶定位在PIC中,从而可以解开下游DNA并将模板链锁定在活性位点(Bushnell等,2004)。在后生动物中,启动发生在TATA盒下游25–30个碱基对(bp)(Smale和Kadonaga,2003),而在酿酒酵母中,起始位点分布在TATA盒下游40–120 bp(Hampsey,1998)。 )。控制Pol II起点选择的规则还不太清楚。在后生动物中,起始位点通常出现在保守的起始位点上(Smale和Kadonaga,2003),而酵母起始子的发散性更大(Zhang&Dietrich,2005),并且有人提出用聚合酶“扫描”下游序列来寻找最佳起始位点。 (Giardina&Lis,1993; Kuehner&Brow,2008)。 Brow,Lacroute,Libri和Reines实验室最近发表的几篇文章表明,起始位点的选择在调节酿酒酵母核苷酸生物合成途径的基因表达中起着重要作用(Jenks等,2008; Kuehner&Brow,2008; Nature,2008)。 Kwapisz等,2008; Thiebaut等,2008)。

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