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首页> 外文期刊>Endocrinology >Kiss1 Neurons Drastically Change Their Firing Activity in Accordance With the Reproductive State: Insights From a Seasonal Breeder
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Kiss1 Neurons Drastically Change Their Firing Activity in Accordance With the Reproductive State: Insights From a Seasonal Breeder

机译：Kiss1神经元根据生殖状态急剧改变其射击活动：季节性饲养员的见解

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摘要

Kisspeptin (Kiss) neurons show drastic changes in kisspeptin expression in response to the serum sex steroid concentration in various vertebrate species. Thus, according to the reproductive states, kisspeptin neurons are suggested to modulate various neuronal activities, including the regulation of GnRH neurons in mammals. However, despite their reproductive state-dependent regulation, there is no physiological analysis of kisspeptin neurons in seasonal breeders. Here we generated the first kiss1-enhanced green fluorescent protein transgenic line of a seasonal breeder, medaka, for histological and electrophysiological analyses using a whole-brain in vitro preparation in which most synaptic connections are intact. We found histologically that Kiss1 neurons in the nucleus ventralis tuberis (NVT) projected to the preoptic area, hypothalamus, pituitary, and ventral telencephalon. Therefore, NVT Kiss1 neurons may regulate various homeostatic functions and innate behaviors. Electrophysiological analyses revealed that they show various firing patterns, including bursting. Furthermore, we found that their firings are regulated by the resting membrane potential. However, bursting was not induced from the other firing patterns with a current injection, suggesting that it requires some chronic modulations of intrinsic properties such as channel expression. Finally, we found that NVT Kiss1 neurons drastically change their neuronal activities according to the reproductive state and the estradiol levels. Taken together with the previous reports, we here conclude that the breeding condition drastically alters the Kiss1 neuron activities in both gene expression and firing activities, the latter of which is strongly related to Kiss1 release, and the Kiss1 peptides regulate the activities of various neural circuits through their axonal projections.
机译：Kisspeptin（Kiss）神经元响应各种脊椎动物物种中的血清性类固醇浓度而显示出Kisspeptin表达的急剧变化。因此，根据生殖状态，kisseptin神经元被建议调节各种神经元活动，包括哺乳动物中GnRH神经元的调节。然而，尽管它们具有生殖状态依赖性调节，但季节性繁殖者中没有kisseptin神经元的生理学分析。在这里，我们生成了季节性繁殖者medaka的第一个kiss1增强型绿色荧光蛋白转基因品系，用于使用全脑体外制备的组织学和电生理分析，其中大多数突触连接均完好无损。我们从组织学上发现，腹侧核（NVT）中的Kiss1神经元投射到视前区，下丘脑，垂体和腹侧远端脑。因此，NVT Kiss1神经元可能调节各种稳态功能和先天行为。电生理分析表明，它们显示出多种放电模式，包括爆裂。此外，我们发现它们的发射受静息膜电位的调节。但是，电流注入并未从其他激发模式中引发爆发，这表明它需要对内在特性（例如通道表达）进行一些慢性调节。最后，我们发现NVT Kiss1神经元根据生殖状态和雌二醇水平急剧改变其神经元活动。结合以前的报道，我们得出的结论是，繁殖条件极大地改变了Kiss1神经元的基因表达和放电活性，后者与Kiss1的释放强烈相关，而Kiss1肽调节着各种神经回路的活性。通过他们的轴突投影。

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