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首页> 外文期刊>Iron & Steel Review >Product Design & Application Engineering of Waterless Tap Hole Clays for Efficient Operation of Blast Furnaces
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Product Design & Application Engineering of Waterless Tap Hole Clays for Efficient Operation of Blast Furnaces

机译：高炉高效运行的无水龙头孔粘土产品设计与应用工程

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摘要

Tap hole clay plays a significant role in blast furnace cast house operation and furnace productivity. In the past, tap hole clay used to be for the only purpose of plugging of tap hole and tapping out the liquid iron and slag produced inside the blast furnace. The chemistry of the clay usually in the AI2O3-S1C-C matrix as well as hydrous in nature. However, recently in India and other developed countries, tap hole clay is exposed to stringent operating conditions due to increase in the size of the blast furnaces besides faster driving of the furnaces. These have placed properties requirements for tap hole clays as follows:-a) Stable operation of furnace by hearth drainage,b) Reduction of workload and attaining lower specific refractory consumption by longer tapping duration, andc) Longer furnace life by protection of hearth side wall with longer tap hole length.The new generation blast furnaces with large volumes operate at high top pressure, increased blast temperature, injection at tuyeres e.g. coal and oxygen. This has resulted in an increase in tapping rate, tapping temperature and duration of tapping. Such changes have prompted radical changes in the materials and applications of refractories in the BF cast house areas, particularly tap hole clay. The tap hole is prone to early erosion and therefore, for obtaining a trouble-free cast, a good and strong tap hole of requisite strength is required, for which a good quality tap hole clay is essential. Earlier in most of the blast furnaces, hydrous mass was used, which doesn't provide strong tap hole. Particularly this hydrous mass, water bonded was found to be responsible for oxidizing the carbon lining around the tap hole, leading to breakouts.The paper shall deliberate on the pyro-physical properties of newer taphole clay in AI2O3-S1C-C system and procedure for characterization under hot and confined situation. It is important to evaluate tap hole day as a structural component rather than just chemical and physical properties. Further, the paper outlines the criticality involved during making of such anhydrous clays & their application with high duty equipment in blast furnaces for efficient operation.
机译：出铁口黏土在高炉铸件生产操作和炉子生产率中起着重要作用。过去，出铁孔黏土过去仅用于堵塞出铁孔并排出高炉内部产生的铁水和炉渣。粘土的化学成分通常在AI2O3-S1C-C基质中以及自然界中是含水的。然而，近来在印度和其他发达国家，由于高炉的增加以及快速驱动炉的原因，出铁孔粘土暴露于严格的操作条件。这些对出炉口粘土的性能要求如下：-a）通过炉膛排水稳定地运行熔炉，b）通过延长出炉时间来减少工作量并获得较低的耐火材料消耗，以及c）通过保护炉膛侧壁来延长炉子寿命出铁孔长度更长。新一代大容量高炉在较高的高压下运行，高炉温度升高，在风口处注入，例如煤和氧气。这导致攻丝速率，攻丝温度和攻丝时间的增加。这种变化促使高炉铸件房屋区的耐火材料，特别是出铁口粘土的材料和应用发生了根本性变化。出铁孔易于早期腐蚀，因此，为了获得无故障的铸件，需要具有所需强度的良好而坚固的出铁孔，为此，优质的出铁孔粘土必不可少。在大多数高炉中，较早时都使用含水物料，它不能提供强力的出铁口。特别是发现这种含水的团块，水结合是氧化出铁孔周围碳衬层并导致破裂的原因。本文应研究AI2O3-S1C-C系统中新的出铁孔粘土的热物理性质和制备方法。在炎热和狭窄的环境中进行表征。重要的是，将出铁孔天数作为结构组件而不是仅化学和物理特性进行评估。此外，本文概述了这种无水粘土的制备过程中涉及的关键及其在高炉中用于高效运行的高负荷设备的应用。

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