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Failure analysis of diesel engine rocker arms

机译：柴油机摇臂故障分析

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摘要

This paper presents a failure analysis of two diesel engine rocker arms used in trucks, which failed in service. The fracture occurred at the hole of the rocker arm shaft in two cases. Beach marks and fatigue steps can be observed on the fracture surface. Multiple-origin fatigue is the dominant failure mechanism. A detailed metallurgical investigation was conducted on the failed rocker arms, and compared with a new one. The failed rocker arms present general metallurgical characteristics that the spheroidization of cementite in pearlite appears in all the matrix structure, and a banded structure was observed in the crack origin region. The appearance of the granulated pearlite makes the hardness of the material decrease so as to reduce the fatigue strength of the rocker arms. A normalizing treatment test was performed on the material of the failed and new rocker arms. The formation of a well-distributed lamellar pearlite structure, the increase in hardness, and the disappearance of the banded structure indicate that the unsuitable normalizing technology was responsible for the microstructure defects.
机译：本文介绍了卡车中使用的两个柴油机摇臂的故障分析，这些摇臂在使用中出现故障。有两种情况发生在摇臂轴孔处断裂。在断裂面上可以观察到海滩痕迹和疲劳台阶。多源疲劳是主要的失效机制。对失效的摇臂进行了详细的冶金研究，并将其与新的进行了比较。失效的摇臂具有一般的冶金学特征，即珠光体中渗碳体的球化出现在所有基体结构中，并且在裂纹起源区域观察到带状结构。粒状珠光体的出现使材料的硬度降低，从而降低了摇臂的疲劳强度。对失效和新的摇臂的材料进行了标准化处理测试。均匀分布的层状珠光体结构的形成，硬度的增加和带状结构的消失表明，不合适的正火技术是造成微观结构缺陷的原因。

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