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首页> 外文期刊>Engineering Studies: Journal of the International Network for Engineering Studies >Coping with the Second Industrial Revolution: fragmentation of the French engineering education system, 1870s to the present
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Coping with the Second Industrial Revolution: fragmentation of the French engineering education system, 1870s to the present

机译：应对第二次工业革命：1870年代至今的法国工程教育体系的碎片化

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Comparative analysis shows that the degree of fragmentation in the engineering education system in contemporary France is far greater than in countries with comparable social and economic structures. This article is a first attempt to analyse this peculiarly French characteristic. It takes the reader back to the 1870s when the French engineering education system embarked upon this process of fragmentation. Indeed, from the Second Industrial Revolution (1870-1914) up to the present, the needs of the French economy in terms of specialized engineers were systematically met, not by overhauling existing institutions, but by creating new (smaller) ones which took their place in an increasingly fragmented and overtly hierarchical system. Why did the French engineering training system evolve in this way? I attempt to answer this question in two different stages. First, I provide an historic account of the main developments in French engineering education between 1870 and the present time. In the second more theoretical part of the article, I use insights provided by 'path dependency theory' to propose a global (albeit partial) explanation for the fragmentation of the French engineering educational system.
机译：对比分析表明，当代法国工程教育体系中的分散程度远远大于具有类似社会和经济结构的国家。本文是分析这种法国特色的首次尝试。当法国工程教育系统着手进行这种分散的过程时，将读者带回到了1870年代。实际上，从第二次工业革命（1870-1914）到现在，系统地满足了法国经济对专业工程师的需求，而不是通过大修现有机构，而是通过创建新的（较小的）机构来代替在一个日益分散和公开的分层系统中。为什么法国的工程培训系统会以这种方式发展？我试图在两个不同阶段回答这个问题。首先，我对1870年至今的法国工程教育的主要发展进行了历史性介绍。在文章的第二个更理论的部分，我将使用“路径依赖理论”提供的见解为法国工程教育体系的碎片化提出一个全球性（尽管是部分性的）解释。

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