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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental health perspectives. >Integrating climate change adaptation into public health practice: Using adaptive management to increase adaptive capacity and build resilience
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Integrating climate change adaptation into public health practice: Using adaptive management to increase adaptive capacity and build resilience

机译：将适应气候变化纳入公共卫生实践：使用适应性管理来提高适应能力并增强适应力

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Background: Climate change is expected to have a range of health impacts, some of which are already apparent. Public health adaptation is imperative, but there has been little discussion of how to increase adaptive capacity and resilience in public health systems. Objectives: We explored possible explanations for the lack of work on adaptive capacity, outline climate-health challenges that may lie outside public health's coping range, and consider changes in practice that could increase public health's adaptive capacity. Methods: We conducted a substantive, interdisciplinary literature review focused on climate change adaptation in public health, social learning, and management of socioeconomic systems exhibiting dynamic complexity. Discussion: There are two competing views of how public health should engage climate change adaptation. Perspectives differ on whether climate change will primarily amplify existing hazards, requiring enhancement of existing public health functions, or present categorically distinct threats requiring innovative management strategies. In some contexts, distinctly climate-sensitive health threats may overwhelm public health's adaptive capacity. Addressing these threats will require increased emphasis on institutional learning, innovative management strategies, and new and improved tools. Adaptive management, an iterative framework that embraces uncertainty, uses modeling, and integrates learning, may be a useful approach. We illustrate its application to extreme heat in an urban setting. Conclusions: Increasing public health capacity will be necessary for certain climate-health threats. Focusing efforts to increase adaptive capacity in specific areas, promoting institutional learning, embracing adaptive management, and developing tools to facilitate these processes are important priorities and can improve the resilience of local public health systems to climate change.
机译：背景：预计气候变化将对健康产生一系列影响，其中一些影响已经显而易见。公共卫生适应是当务之急，但是关于如何提高公共卫生系统的适应能力和适应力的讨论很少。目标：我们探讨了缺乏适应能力工作的可能解释，概述了可能不在公共卫生应对范围内的气候-健康挑战，并考虑了可能会提高公共卫生适应能力的实践变化。方法：我们进行了跨学科的实质性文献综述，重点关注气候变化在公共卫生中的适应性，社会学习以及表现出动态复杂性的社会经济系统的管理。讨论：关于公共卫生应如何适应气候变化，存在两种相互竞争的观点。关于气候变化是否会主要放大现有的危害，需要增强现有的公共卫生职能，还是呈现出截然不同的威胁需要创新的管理策略，存在不同的观点。在某些情况下，对气候非常敏感的健康威胁可能会使公共卫生的适应能力不堪重负。解决这些威胁将需要更加重视机构学习，创新的管理策略以及新的和改进的工具。自适应管理是一个有用的方法，它是一个包含不确定性，使用建模和集成学习的迭代框架。我们说明了其在城市环境中对极端高温的应用。结论：对于某些气候健康威胁，必须增加公共卫生能力。将重点放在提高特定领域的适应能力，促进机构学习，采用适应性管理以及开发工具来促进这些过程方面，是重要的优先事项，可以提高地方公共卫生系统对气候变化的适应力。

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