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Pedal bone fractures.

机译：踏板骨折。

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摘要

Fractures of the pedal bone are usually the result of direct trauma, and are relatively commonly encountered in equine practice. Either front or hind feet may be affected. Seven distinct fracture types are recognised. Type I fractures involve the palmar/plantar process and do not enter the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint. Type II fractures are oblique or parasagittal fractures that are articular but are not on the midline. Type III fractures are midline articular fractures that bisect the pedal bone into 2 equal halves. Type IV fractures involve the extensor (pyramidal) process of the pedal bone. Type V fractures are comminuted and split the pedal bone into multiple fragments. Type VI fractures are solar margin fractures. Type VII fractures are exclusive to foals and are also fractures of the solar margin. In most cases the onset of clinical signs is acute. The diagnosis is usually achieved by radiography, although computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging can be helpful in some cases. Treatment options include surgical and nonsurgical therapies. The prognosis for articular fractures (Types II and III) is worse than for nonarticular fractures (Types I, IV, VI and VII) because of the likelihood of osteoarthritis within the DIP joint. Nonarticular fractures carry a good prognosis if a long enough convalescence is undertaken. Comminuted fractures (Type V) carry a poor, but not hopeless, prognosis.Digital Object Identifier http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3292.2011.00227.x
机译：踏板骨的骨折通常是直接创伤的结果，在马术中相对常见。前脚或后脚都可能受到影响。可以识别出七种不同的骨折类型。 I型骨折涉及手掌/足底突，不进入远端指间（DIP）关节。 II型骨折是关节状但不在中线的倾斜或矢状旁骨折。 III型骨折是中线关节骨折，将踏板骨一分为二。 IV型骨折涉及踏板骨的伸肌（锥体）过程。将 V型骨折粉碎，将脚踏板骨分成多个碎片。 VI型裂缝是日光边缘裂缝。 VII型裂缝是小马驹独有的，也是太阳边缘的裂缝。在大多数情况下，临床症状是急性的。尽管计算机断层扫描或磁共振成像在某些情况下可能会有所帮助，但通常可以通过射线照相术来进行诊断。治疗选择包括手术和非手术疗法。关节骨折（ II型和 III ）的预后比非关节骨折（ I 型， IV ， VI 和 VII ），因为DIP关节内可能发生骨关节炎。如果进行足够长的恢复期，则非关节骨折预后良好。粉碎性骨折（ V型）的预后较差，但并非无望。数字对象标识符http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3292.2011.00227.x

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