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首页> 外文期刊>Epilepsia: Journal of the International League against Epilepsy >Morbus sacer in Africa: some religious aspects of epilepsy in traditional cultures.
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Morbus sacer in Africa: some religious aspects of epilepsy in traditional cultures.

机译：非洲的Morbus Sacer：传统文化中癫痫病的某些宗教方面。

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Epilepsy when manifested as grand mal seizure provokes strong and ambivalent feelings in those witnessing it. Terms such as morbus sacer, denoting both a sacred and demoniac condition, or folk names indicating divine punishment, have expressed these feelings in European societies from antiquity to the Middle Ages and beyond. An atmosphere of fear, shame and mysticism surrounds epilepsy even in our days in many non-Western and also in Western cultures. In the course of work and studies in Tanzania, where I organized the Mahenge Clinic for Epilepsy in 1960, and in other parts of Africa, I found that epilepsy is conceived of as an "African'' affliction, a manifestation of supernatural forces that makes it difficult to reach epilepsy sufferers with modern medical treatment. Epilepsy is traditionally looked on as caused by ancestral spirits or attributed to possession by evil spirits. It is also thought to be due to witchcraft, and "poisoning," and often taken to be contagious. Epilepsy may, under Christian missionary teaching, have come to be considered as due to demoniac possession or divine punishment for sins, in accordance with biblical examples. In many parts of Africa, syncretic amalgamation of indigenous traditions with Judeo-Christian doctrines influenced popular attitudes toward epilepsy. We demonstrated that persistent efforts at health education in the context of organized treatment of epilepsy can result in a change of popular notions about epilepsy and consequently lead to significant improvement in the quality of life of epilepsy sufferers.
机译：当癫痫表现为巨大的癫痫发作时，会引起目击者强烈而矛盾的感觉。在欧洲社会中，从上古到中世纪以及以后的时期，诸如morbus sacer之类的词都表达了神圣和恶魔般的状态，或者表明神性惩罚的民间名字都表达了这种感觉。即使在当今的许多非西方和西方文化中，恐惧，羞耻和神秘主义的气氛也笼罩着癫痫病。在坦桑尼亚的工作和研究过程中，我于1960年组织了Mahenge癫痫诊所，在非洲其他地区，我发现癫痫病被认为是“非洲”苦难，一种超自然力量的表现，传统上认为癫痫病是由祖先精神引起的或归因于恶灵的占有，也被认为是由于巫术和“中毒”引起的，通常被认为具有传染性根据圣经的例子，在基督教传教士的带领下，癫痫病可能被认为是由于对黑恶魔的占有或对罪孽的神圣惩罚;在非洲的许多地方，土著传统与犹太教-基督教教义的融合融合影响了人们的态度。我们证明了在癫痫病的有组织治疗的背景下，持续的健康教育努力可能会导致人口变化关于癫痫的观念，因此导致癫痫患者生活质量的显着改善。

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