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首页> 外文期刊>Ethology >Antipredatory Response and Food Intake in Wood Mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) under Simulated Predation Risk by Resident and Novel Carnivorous Predators
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Antipredatory Response and Food Intake in Wood Mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) under Simulated Predation Risk by Resident and Novel Carnivorous Predators

机译：居民和新型肉食性捕食者在模拟捕食风险下对木鼠（Apodemus sylvaticus）的抗掠食性反应和食物摄入

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摘要

Chemical signals left by predators are a potential source of information about the risk of predalion, and small mammals are known to lake them into account when making decisions. We investigated whether wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) are more likelyto avoid the faeces of resident predators (red fox Vulpes vulpes and common genet Genetta genetta) vs. a novel predator (European pine marten Martes martes). Odour recognition would increase perceived predalion risk and reduce food intake by individual mice. Wood mice response to predators was analysed by live-trapping using two untreated controls (baitedon-baited) and traps experimentally manipulated with three predator treatments (faeces of red fox, common genet or pine marten). Traps were baited with 4 g of toasted corn, and food intake by wood mice was determined as the amount of bait remaining in each trap. We found that traps treated with faeces of resident predators were the most avoided, and the number of captures in traps treated with pine marten faeces was similar to the control-baited traps. The variation found in food intake was explained by the interaction between the types of treatment and breeding condition. Food intake was similar in control-baited traps and in traps with faeces of pine marten, but when predation risk by resident predators (red fox and common genet) was simulated, breeders reduced food intake significantly as compared to non-breeders. These results indicate that predator recognition and feeding behaviour under predation risk depend on individual factors and the balance of costs-benefits in each particular predation risk situation at a given place and time.
机译：捕食者留下的化学信号可能成为有关掠夺风险信息的潜在来源，众所周知，小型哺乳动物在做出决策时会考虑到它们。我们调查了木鼠（Apodemus sylvaticus）相对于新型捕食者（欧洲松貂貂Martes martes）是否更可能避开常驻捕食者的粪便（红狐狸Vulpes vulpes和普通种Genetta Genetta）。气味识别会增加感知到的掠食危险，并减少单个小鼠的食物摄入量。通过使用两个未处理的对照（诱饵/非诱饵）进行活体诱捕来分析木鼠对捕食者的反应，并通过三种捕食者处理（赤狐，普通种或松貂的粪便）实验性地操作陷阱。用4 g烤玉米诱饵诱捕器，并确定木鼠的食物摄入量为每个诱捕器中残留的诱饵量。我们发现，最避免使用常驻捕食者粪便处理的陷阱，而用松貂粪便处理过的陷阱的捕获数量与对照诱饵陷阱相似。处理类型与繁殖条件之间的相互作用解释了食物摄入量的变化。诱饵诱捕诱捕器和松貂粪便诱捕器的食物摄入量相似，但是当模拟驻地掠食者（赤狐和普通种）的捕食风险时，与非繁殖者相比，育种者的食物摄入显着减少。这些结果表明，捕食者在捕食风险下的识别和觅食行为取决于各个因素以及给定地点和时间在每种特定捕食风险情况下成本效益的平衡。

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