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首页> 外文期刊>European journal of anaesthesiology >Induction characteristics of thiopentone/suxamethonium, propofol/alfentanil or halothane alone in children aged 1-3 years.
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Induction characteristics of thiopentone/suxamethonium, propofol/alfentanil or halothane alone in children aged 1-3 years.

机译：1-3岁儿童中单独使用硫喷妥酮/丁二硫鎓，异丙酚/阿芬太尼或氟烷的诱导特性。

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摘要

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of three different induction techniques, with or without neuromuscular block, on tracheal intubation, haemodynamic responses and cardiac rhythm. Ninety children, aged 1-3 years, undergoing day-case adenoidectomy were randomly allocated to three groups: group TS received thiopentone 5 mg kg-1 and suxamethonium 1.5 mg kg-1, group H 5 Vol.% halothane and group PA alfentanil 10 micrograms kg-1 and propofol 3 mg kg-1 for induction of anaesthesia. No anti-cholinergics were used. Holter-monitoring of the heart rate and rhythm was started at least 15 min before induction of anaesthesia and continued until 3 min after intubation. Tracheal intubation was performed by an anaesthetist blinded to the induction method and judged as excellent, moderate or poor according to ease of laryngoscopy, position of vocal cords and incidence of coughing after intubation. Tracheal intubation was successful at the first attempt in all children in groups TS and H and but only in 80% in group PA (P = 0.001). Intubating conditions were excellent in 22 (73%), 22 (73%) and one (3%) of the patients in groups TS, H and PA, respectively (P = 0.001). Cardiac dysrhythmias (supraventricular extrasystole or junctional rhythm) occurred in two (7%) patients in groups PA and H each (NS). Bradycardia occurred in 0 (0%), four (14%) and six (21%) children in groups TS, H and PA, respectively (P = 0.007 PA vs. TS, P = 0.03 H vs. TS). In conclusion, induction of anaesthesia with propofol 3 mg kg-1 and alfentanil 10 micrograms kg-1 without neuromuscular block did not provide acceptable intubating conditions in children 1-3 years, although it preserved arterial pressure better than thiopentone/suxamethonium or halothane. Cardiac dysrhythmias were few regardless of the induction method.
机译：这项研究的目的是比较三种不同的诱导技术（有无神经肌肉阻滞）对气管插管，血流动力学反应和心律的影响。将90例1-3岁，每天进行腺样体切除术的儿童随机分为三组：TS组接受硫喷酮5 mg kg-1和丁二甲铵1.5 mg kg-1，H组5％的氟烷氟烷和PA alfentanil组10微克kg-1和丙泊酚3毫克kg-1诱导麻醉。没有使用抗胆碱药。在诱导麻醉前至少15分钟开始对心律和心律进行动态心电图监测，并持续至插管后3分钟。气管插管是由不愿采用诱导方法的麻醉师进行的，根据喉镜检查的容易程度，声带的位置以及插管后咳嗽的发生率，判断为优，中或差。 TS和H组的所有儿童首次尝试气管插管均成功，但PA组中只有80％的人成功进行了气管插管（P = 0.001）。 TS，H和PA组分别有22例（73％），22例（73％）和1例（3％）的患者插管情况良好（P = 0.001）。 PA组和H组（NS）的两名（7％）患者发生心律失常（室上性舒张前或连接节律）。 TS，H和PA组分别有0（0％），4（14％）和6（21％）儿童发生心动过缓（P = 0.007 PA vs. TS，P = 0.03 H vs. TS）。总之，使用异丙酚3 mg kg-1和阿芬太尼10微克kg-1进行麻醉（无神经肌肉阻滞）可为1-3岁儿童提供可接受的插管条件，尽管其保留的动脉压优于硫代戊酮/丁二甲铵或氟烷。无论采用何种诱导方法，心律失常都很少。

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