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首页> 外文期刊>European journal of clinical nutrition >Growth and micronutrient needs of adolescents.
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Growth and micronutrient needs of adolescents.

机译：青少年的生长和微量营养素需求。

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OBJECTIVE: This paper focuses on micronutrients in relation to needs throughout adolescence, a period which involved growth and development that occur through a complex interaction of genetic instructions, hormones and environmental influences, many of them of dietary origin. In the context of micronutrient 'needs' it is of special importance to differentiate between the 'nutritional needs' and 'metabolic needs'. Two main questions arise in relation to the micronutrient needs: (1) why are micronutrients necessary? and (2) how are their needs assessed? RESULTS: The 'necessary' amount will differ according to the objectives pursued: (a) to achieve a satisfactory rate of growth and development; and (b) to maintain 'optimal health'. The assessment of micronutrient needs and status has proved to be difficult, but when elucidating and establishing them, it is imperative to arrive at the estimates in the light of their interdependent role in metabolism and functions. The knowledge of micronutrient metabolic needs can be approached through epidemiological observations, bioavailability studies and clinical trials. However, there is a nearly total absence of reports on the particular metabolic and dietary needs of adolescents. CONCLUSION: Thus more studies are required in relation to the effect of features associated with adolescence on 'needs', evaluating their impact on bioavailability and turnover (storage and losses), and the interactions among micronutrients in the assessment of metabolic and nutritional needs. Another aim should be to establish static and functional indexes, reference values and cut-off points in adolescence, to be used in clinical and epidemiological studies. Future studies should focus on needs to determine those required to maintain 'optimal functions' and regarding the potential prevention of chronic adult diseases.
机译：目的：本文关注与整个青春期需求有关的微量营养素，这个时期涉及生长和发育，这是通过遗传指令，激素和环境影响（其中许多饮食来源）的复杂相互作用而发生的。在微量营养素“需求”的背景下，区分“营养需求”和“代谢需求”特别重要。与微量营养素需求有关的两个主要问题是：（1）为什么微量营养素是必需的？ （2）如何评估他们的需求？结果：“必要”数额将根据所追求的目标而有所不同：（a）实现令人满意的增长和发展速度; （b）维持“最佳健康”。微量营养素需求和状况的评估已被证明是困难的，但在阐明和确定微量营养素需求和状况时，必须根据其在代谢和功能中的相互依赖作用来得出估算值。微量营养素代谢需求的知识可通过流行病学观察，生物利用度研究和临床试验获得。但是，几乎完全没有关于青少年特殊代谢和饮食需求的报道。结论：因此，与青春期有关的特征对“需求”的影响，评估其对生物利用度和周转率（储存和损失）的影响以及微量营养素之间的相互作用在评估代谢和营养需求方面需要进行更多的研究。另一个目标应该是确定青春期的静态和功能指标，参考值和临界点，以用于临床和流行病学研究。未来的研究应侧重于确定维持“最佳功能”所需的需求，以及潜在的预防慢性成人疾病的需求。

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