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首页> 外文期刊>European journal of clinical nutrition >Effects of reduced energy intake on the biology of aging: the primate model.
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Effects of reduced energy intake on the biology of aging: the primate model.

机译：能量摄入减少对衰老生物学的影响：灵长类动物模型。

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Dietary energy restriction is the only proven method for extending lifespan and slowing aging in mammals, while maintaining health and vitality. Although the first experiments in this area were conducted over 60 y ago in rodents, possible applicability to primates has only been examined in controlled studies since 1987. Our project at the National Institute on Aging began with 3-0 male rhesus and 30 male squirrel monkeys of various ages over their respective life spans. Subsequently, it has been expanded to include female rhesus monkeys, and several other laboratories have initiated related studies. Experimental animals are generally fed 30% less than controls, and diets are supplemented with micronutrients to achieve undernutrition without malnutrition. These calorically restricted (CR) monkeys are lighter, with less fat and lean mass than controls. Bone mass is also slightly reduced, but in approximate proportion to the smaller body size. CR animals mature more slowly and achieve shorter stature than controls as well. Metabolically, CR monkeys have slightly lower body temperature and initial energy expenditure following onset of restriction, and better glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. The latter suggest a reduced predisposition towards diabetes as the animals age. Other potential anti-disease effects include biomarkers suggestive of lessened risk of cardiovascular disease and possibly cancer. Candidate biomarkers of aging, including the age-related decrease in plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), suggest that the CR animals may be aging more slowly than controls in some respects, although sufficient survival data will require more time to accumulate. In summary, nearly all CR effects detected in rodents, which have thus far been examined in primates, exhibit similar phenomenology. Potential applicability of these beneficial effects to humans is discussed.
机译：限制饮食能量是延长哺乳动物寿命和减缓衰老同时保持健康和活力的唯一有效方法。尽管该领域的第一批实验是在60年前对啮齿动物进行的，但自1987年以来，只有在对照研究中才研究了对灵长类动物的适用性。我们在美国国家老龄研究所的项目始于3-0雄性恒河猴和30只雄性松鼠猴。在各个年龄段中的不同年龄段。随后，它被扩展到包括雌性恒河猴，并且其他一些实验室也开始了相关研究。通常给实验动物喂食的食物要比对照组少30％，并在饮食中添加微量营养素以实现营养不足而无营养不良。这些受热量限制（CR）的猴子比对照组的猴子更轻，脂肪和瘦肉更少。骨量也略有减少，但与较小的体形大致成比例。与对照相比，CR动物的成熟速度更慢，并且身材也更矮。代谢方面，CR猴子在出现限制后具有较低的体温和初始能量消耗，以及更好的葡萄糖耐量和胰岛素敏感性。后者表明随着动物年龄的增长，对糖尿病的易感性降低。其他潜在的抗疾病作用包括暗示心血管疾病和癌症风险降低的生物标志物。衰老的候选生物标志物，包括与年龄相关的血浆硫酸脱氢表雄酮硫酸盐（DHEAS）下降，表明CR动物在某些方面的衰老速度可能比对照组慢，尽管足够的生存数据需要更多的时间来积累。总之，到目前为止，在灵长类动物中检测到的啮齿动物中几乎所有的CR效应都表现出相似的现象。讨论了这些有益作用对人类的潜在适用性。

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