...
  • 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Immunology: An Official Journal of the British Society for Immunology >Immunogenetic control of the intestinal microbiota
【24h】

Immunogenetic control of the intestinal microbiota

机译：肠道菌群的免疫原性控制

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

All vertebrates contain a diverse collection of commensal, symbiotic and pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses and fungi, on their various body surfaces, and the ecological community of these microorganisms is referred to as the microbiota. Mucosal sites, such as the intestine, harbour the majority of microorganisms, and the human intestine contains the largest community of commensal and symbiotic bacteria. This intestinal community of bacteria is diverse, and there is a significant variability among individuals with respect to the composition of the intestinal microbiome. Both genetic and environmental factors can influence the diversity and composition of the intestinal bacteria with the predominant environmental factor being diet. So far, studies have shown that diet-dependent differences in the composition of intestinal bacteria can be classified into three groups, called enterotypes. Other environmental factors that can influence the composition include antibiotics, probiotics, smoking and drugs. Studies of monozygotic and dizygotic twins have proven that genetics plays a role. Recently, MHC II genes have been associated with specific microbial compositions in human infants and transgenic mice that express different HLA alleles. There is a growing list of genes/molecules that are involved with the sensing and monitoring of the intestinal lumen by the intestinal immune system that, when genetically altered, will significantly alter the composition of the intestinal microflora. The focus of this review will be on the genetic factors that influence the composition of the intestinal microflora.
机译：所有脊椎动物在其各种体表上均包含多种共生，共生和病原性微生物，例如细菌，病毒和真菌，这些微生物的生态群落被称为微生物群。粘膜部位（例如肠）含有大多数微生物，而人肠则包含最多的共生和共生细菌群落。这种细菌的肠道群落是多种多样的，并且就肠道微生物组的组成而言，个体之间存在显着的差异。遗传因素和环境因素都可以影响肠道细菌的多样性和组成，其中主要的环境因素是饮食。到目前为止，研究表明，肠道细菌组成的饮食依赖性差异可分为三类，称为肠型。可能影响该成分的其他环境因素包括抗生素，益生菌，吸烟和药物。对单卵双卵和双卵双卵的研究表明，遗传学起着重要作用。最近，MHC II基因已与人类婴儿和表达不同HLA等位基因的转基因小鼠中的特定微生物组成相关。肠免疫系统对肠腔的感测和监测涉及的基因/分子的列表在不断增加，这些基因/分子在进行遗传改变后会显着改变肠道菌群的组成。本文的重点将放在影响肠道菌群组成的遗传因素上。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号