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首页> 外文期刊>Evolution: International Journal of Organic Evolution >Isolation by distance in the Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, at large and small geographic scales
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Isolation by distance in the Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, at large and small geographic scales

机译：大小分布在大西洋鳕鱼中的按距离隔离鳕鱼

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Genetic isolation by distance (IBD) has rarely been described in marine species with high potential for dispersal at both the larval and adult life-history stages. Here, we report significant relationships between inferred levels of gene flow and geographic distance in the Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, at 10 nuclear restriction-fragment-length-polymorphism (RFLP) loci at small regional scales in the western north Atlantic region (< 1600 km) that mirror those previously detected over its entire geographic range (up to 7300 km). Highly significant allele frequency differences were observed among eight northwestern Atlantic populations, although the mean F-ST for all 10 loci was only 0.014. Despite this weak population structuring, the distance separating populations explained between 54% and 62% of the variation in gene flow depending on whether nine or 10 loci were used to estimate Nm. Across the species' entire geographic range, highly significant differences were observed among six regional populations at nine of the 10 loci (mean F-ST = 0.068) and seven loci exhibited significant negative relationships between gene flow and distance. At this large geographic scale, natural selection acting in the vicinity of one RFLP locus (GM798) had a significant effect on the correlation between gene flow and distance, and eliminating it from the analysis caused the coefficient of determination to increase from 17% to 62%. The role of vicariance was assessed by sequentially removing populations from the analysis and was found to play a minor role in contributing to the relationship between gene flow and distance at either geographic scale. The correlation between gene flow and distance detected in G. morhua at small and large spatial scales suggests that dispersal distances and effective population sizes are much smaller than predicted for the species and that the recent age of populations, rather than extensive gene flow, may be responsible for its weak population structure. Our results suggest that interpreting limited genetic differences among populations as reflecting high levels of ongoing gene how should be made with caution. [References: 77]
机译：远距离遗传隔离（IBD）很少在具有幼虫期和成虫生活史阶段扩散潜力的海洋物种中描述。在这里，我们报道了在北大西洋西部小区域尺度（<1600年）的10个核限制片段长度多态性（RFLP）基因座上，大西洋鳕鱼Gadus morhua中基因流量的推断水平与地理距离之间的显着关系。公里）反映了以前在其整个地理范围（最高7300公里）中检测到的那些。在八个西北大西洋种群中观察到高度显着的等位基因频率差异，尽管所有10个基因座的平均F-ST仅为0.014。尽管存在这种弱的种群结构，但根据将9个或10个基因座用于估算Nm，距离分离种群仍能解释基因流变化的54％至62％。在整个物种的整个地理范围内，在10个基因座中的9个（平均F-ST = 0.068）处的六个区域种群之间观察到非常显着的差异，并且七个基因座在基因流和距离之间表现出显着的负相关关系。在如此大的地理范围内，在一个RFLP基因座（GM798）附近起作用的自然选择对基因流与距离之间的相关性产生了显着影响，并且从分析中消除了这种影响，导致确定系数从17％增加到62 ％。通过依次从分析中删除种群来评估变异的作用，发现在任何一个地理尺度上，基因变异与距离之间的关系均起着较小的作用。基因流与在较小和较大空间尺度上在G. morhua中检测到的距离之间的相关性表明，散布距离和有效种群数量比该物种的预测值小得多，并且可能是种群的最近年龄而不是广泛的基因流其人口结构薄弱的原因。我们的结果表明，将人群之间有限的遗传差异解释为反映高水平的正在进行的基因，应谨慎行事。 [参考：77]

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