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首页> 外文期刊>Evolution: International Journal of Organic Evolution >Growth and survival trade-offs and outbreeding depression in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
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Growth and survival trade-offs and outbreeding depression in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

机译：虹鳟鱼（Oncorhynchus mykiss）的生长和生存权衡以及近亲衰退

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The purpose of this study was to examine, using a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) model system, the fitness consequences of three generations of introgression of genotypes adapted to two different environments (culture and nature). The experiments also isolated the influence of competitive interactions and risk of predation on the relative growth and survival of the wild and backcrossed lines. Line crosses representing fast-growing pure domestic (D), slow-growing pure wild (W), domestic x wild hybrids (F1), F1 x wild backcrosses (B1), and B1 x wild backcrosses (B2) were generated and reared under (1) culture conditions, (2) seminatural conditions with competition among genotypes, and (3) seminatural conditions under risk of predation. Survival of the fry in a seminatural environment with competition fit an additive model of gene action with the domestic fish having the highest survival and the wild fish the lowest, but under risk of predation outbreeding depression was suggested by low survival of the B2 lines. Evidence of a trade-off in growth and survival under risk of predation along with observations of genetically determined behavioral differences among the strains may provide some explanation for the observed differences in survival among the strains. This information is relevant to improving our evolutionary understanding of the interaction among genomes, and the influence of environment, during hybridization events. Results from this experiment indicate that alteration of phenotype likely played a prominent role in the reduced fitness experienced by progeny produced after three generations of introgression, supporting the theory that disruption of genotypes selected for adaptation to local conditions may be a primary cause of outbreeding depression in species such as salmon.
机译：这项研究的目的是使用虹鳟（Oncorhynchus mykiss）模型系统检查适应于两种不同环境（文化和自然）的三代基因渗入的适应性后果。实验还分离了竞争相互作用和捕食风险对野生和回交系相对生长和存活的影响。生成了代表快速生长的纯家养（D），缓慢生长的纯野种（W），家养x野生杂种（F1），F1 x野生回交（B1）和B1 x野生回交（B2）的品系杂交（1）培养条件，（2）基因型之间存在竞争的半自然条件，以及（3）具有捕食风险的半自然条件。在具有竞争性的半自然环境中，鱼苗的存活率符合基因作用的加成模型，其中家鱼的存活率最高，而野生鱼的存活率最低，但由于B2品系的存活率低，提示处于捕食近交繁殖衰退的风险中。在捕食风险下生长和存活之间权衡的证据以及对菌株之间遗传决定的行为差异的观察可能为所观察到的菌株之间的存活差异提供了一些解释。这些信息与提高我们对杂交事件中基因组之间相互作用以及环境影响的进化认识有关。该实验的结果表明，表型的改变很可能在三代基因渗入后所产生的后代的适应性降低中发挥了重要作用，这支持了这样的理论，即为适应当地条件而选择的基因型的破坏可能是导致远亲抑郁的主要原因。鲑鱼等物种。

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