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Spatial orienting of attention simultaneously cued by automatic social and nonsocial cues

机译：自动的社交和非社交提示同时提示注意力的空间取向

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摘要

The appearance of a stimulus in the periphery and the direction of another person's eye gaze have both been shown to automatically orient attention toward the stimulus and the gazed-at location, respectively. In the present experiment, we examined the effects of viewing both a peripheral stimulus and an eye gaze stimulus simultaneously in order to determine whether one is "more automatic" (i.e., faster, dominates) than the other and whether the two processes interact. Using a spatial cueing paradigm, we measured latency of localization of a target stimulus that was validly or invalidly cued by an uninformative (i.e., nonpredictive) peripheral cue, an uninformative eye gaze cue, or both simultaneously (double cue). We included a short and a long cue-target interval in order to investigate the early and late facilitatory and inhibitory effects of the two processes. Results demonstrated that when the double cues were consistent with each other (indicating the same target location), the effects, both early and late, were the same as when the peripheral cue was presented alone. When the double cues were inconsistent (indicating opposite target locations), the late effect was the same as the peripheral cue, but the early effect was intermediate between the two types of cues. Our results better support an interactive, rather than an additive relationship between social and nonsocial automatic orienting. The double cue conditions that showed similar effects to the peripheral cues suggest that the peripheral cue dominates.
机译：刺激的出现和周围人的视线方向都已显示出可以分别自动将注意力引向刺激和凝视的位置。在本实验中，我们检查了同时观看周围刺激和眼睛凝视刺激的效果，以确定一个是否比另一个更“自动”（即更快，占优势）以及两个过程是否相互作用。使用空间提示范式，我们测量了目标刺激定位的潜伏期，该目标刺激的定位是由非信息性（即非预测性）外围提示，非信息性眼动凝视提示或同时（双重提示）提示的有效或无效提示。为了研究这两个过程的早期和晚期促进和抑制作用，我们引入了一个短暂的和较长的提示目标间隔。结果表明，当两个提示相互一致（指示相同的目标位置）时，早期和晚期的效果与单独提供外围提示时的效果相同。当双重提示不一致（指示相反的目标位置）时，后期效果与外围提示相同，但​​早期效果介于两种提示之间。我们的结果更好地支持了社交和非社交自动定向之间的互动关系，而不是加性关系。双提示条件显示出与外围提示相似的效果，表明外围提示占主导地位。

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