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首页> 外文期刊>Biochemical Genetics >Molecular cloning and polymorphism of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class IIB gene of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
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Molecular cloning and polymorphism of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class IIB gene of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

机译：草鱼主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）IIB类基因的分子克隆和多态性

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摘要

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a large genomic region that encodes cellular proteins involved in the immune response in vertebrates. There are two general classes of MHC molecules: class I and class II. The function of the MHC class I molecule is the presentation of cytosolic peptides to the CD8+ cyto-toxic T lymphocytes. MHC class II molecules bind foreign peptides derived from extracellular pathogens for the presentation of nonself peptide to the T-cell receptor, triggering a specific immune response toward the pathogen from which the peptides are derived ("Apanius et al. 1997; Corse et al. 2011). Some studies found that challenging teleosts with pathogenic bacteria or lipopolysaccharides could result in significant changes in the expression of MHC class IIB genes. Since MHC class II genes have a vital role in the complex immunologic dialog that must occur between T cells and other cells of the body, they are likely candidates as gene markers associated with disease resistance (Grimholt et al. 2003). MHC genes have a high degree of polymorphism, which results from the presence of multiple loci and numerous alleles at each given locus within populations (Grimholt et al. 2003). Owing to this diversity, each individual is able to bind and present a variety of peptide ligands. The high polymorphism found in MHC class II genes is generally confined to exon 2, which encodes the peptide-binding region in the al- and (31 -domain (Wynne et al. 2007).
机译：主要的组织相容性复合体（MHC）是一个大的基因组区域，该区域编码参与脊椎动物免疫应答的细胞蛋白。 MHC分子一般分为两类：I类和II类。 MHC I类分子的功能是将胞质肽呈递给CD8 +细胞毒性T淋巴细胞。 MHC II类分子结合源自细胞外病原体的外源肽，以将非自身肽呈递给T细胞受体，从而引发针对源自其的病原体的特异性免疫反应（“ Apanius等人，1997; Corse等人。 2011）。一些研究发现，用致病性细菌或脂多糖挑战硬骨鱼可能会导致MHC IIB类基因表达的显着变化，因为MHC II类基因在T细胞与其他细胞之间必须发生的复杂免疫对话中起着至关重要的作用。 MHC基因具有很高的多态性，这是由于群体中每个给定基因座均存在多个基因座和多个等位基因而导致的，MHC基因具有高度的多态性。 （Grimholt et al。2003）。由于这种多样性，每个人都能够结合并呈现出各种肽配体。 MHC II类基因中的``内含子''通常局限于外显子2，外显子2编码α1和（31）结构域中的肽结合区（Wynne et al。 2007）。

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