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Insights into melanoma: Targeting the mTOR pathway for therapeutics

机译：黑色素瘤的见解：靶向mTOR途径进行治疗

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Introduction: Cutaneous melanoma represents < 5% of all skin cancers, but is responsible for the majority of skin cancer-related deaths. Ocular melanoma is the most common primary eye tumor in adults, and accounts for approximately 5% of all melanomas. Despite new diagnostic and therapeutic tools, the overall survival of patients treated for melanoma has not improved and most patients die of metastatic disease. Therefore, clarification of the molecular mechanisms underlying the etiopathogenesis of cutaneous and ocular melanomas may help determining the prognosis and tailoring therapy of patients harboring melanomas. Areas covered: In this review the authors aim to survey relevant research in the molecular mechanisms underlying melanomagenesis, and therapies under evaluation with emphasis in the mTOR pathway. Expert opinion: Despite an increasingly understanding of the genetics and biochemistry of melanoma, the mechanisms underlying their complex interactions are still poorly understood. Their clarification will lead to more successful therapeutic strategies and evidence-based management of patients with melanoma. More active drug combinations together with appropriate melanoma patient stratification based on molecular biomarkers will be essential for new advances in melanoma therapy.
机译：简介：皮肤黑色素瘤占所有皮肤癌的5％以下，但是与皮肤癌相关的大多数死亡的原因。眼黑素瘤是成人中最常见的原发性眼部肿瘤，约占所有黑素瘤的5％。尽管有了新的诊断和治疗工具，但接受黑素瘤治疗的患者的总体存活率并未提高，大多数患者死于转移性疾病。因此，弄清皮肤和眼部黑色素瘤的发病机理的分子机制可能有助于确定携带黑色素瘤的患者的预后和适应性治疗。涵盖的领域：在这篇综述中，作者旨在调查有关黑色素生成的分子机制的相关研究，以及在评估中重点关注mTOR途径的疗法。专家意见：尽管对黑素瘤的遗传学和生物化学的了解日益加深，但其复杂相互作用的机制仍知之甚少。他们的澄清将导致黑色素瘤患者更成功的治疗策略和循证管理。基于分子生物标记物的更多活性药物组合以及适当的黑色素瘤患者分层对于黑色素瘤治疗的新进展至关重要。

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