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Ever closer to a prophylactic vaccine for HCV

机译：更加接近于HCV预防性疫苗

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Introduction: With 3-4 million new infections occurring annually, hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major global health problem. There is increasing evidence to suggest that HCV will be highly amenable to a vaccine approach, and despite advances in treatment, a vaccine remains the most cost-effective and realistic means to significantly reduce the worldwide mortality and morbidity associated with persistent HCV infection. Areas covered: In this review we discuss immune responses to HCV during natural infection, and describe how they may inform vaccine design. We introduce the current candidate vaccines for HCV and compare how these fare against the expected requirements of an effective prophylactic HCV vaccine in relation to the breadth, functionality, magnitude and phenotype of the vaccine-induced immune response. Expert opinion: Although the correlates of immune protection against HCV are not completely defined, we now have vaccine technologies capable of inducing HCV-specific adaptive immune responses to an order of magnitude that are associated with protection during natural infection. The challenge next is to i) establish well-characterised cohorts of people at risk of HCV infection for vaccine efficacy testing and ii) to better understand the correlates of protection in natural history studies. If these can be achieved, a vaccine against HCV appears a realistic goal.
机译：简介：每年发生3-4百万新感染，丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）是全球主要的健康问题。越来越多的证据表明，HCV将非常适合疫苗方法，尽管治疗取得了进步，但疫苗仍然是最经济有效的方法，可以显着降低与持续性HCV感染相关的全球死亡率和发病率。涵盖的领域：在这篇综述中，我们讨论了自然感染期间对HCV的免疫反应，并描述了它们如何为疫苗设计提供信息。我们介绍了当前用于HCV的候选疫苗，并比较了这些疫苗与有效预防性HCV疫苗的预期要求之间的关系，以及与疫苗诱导的免疫反应的广度，功能，大小和表型有关的信息。专家意见：尽管尚未完全定义针对HCV的免疫保护的相关性，但我们现在拥有能够诱导HCV特异性适应性免疫反应的数量级与自然感染期间的保护相关的疫苗技术。接下来的挑战是：i）建立特征明确的人群，以进行HCV感染风险人群的疫苗功效测试;以及ii）更好地了解自然史研究中保护作用的相关性。如果能够实现这些目标，那么针对HCV的疫苗似乎是一个现实的目标。

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