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首页> 外文期刊>Geochemistry, geophysics, geosystems >Generic along-strike segmentation of Afar normal faults, East Africa: Implications on fault growth and stress heterogeneity on seismogenic fault planes
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Generic along-strike segmentation of Afar normal faults, East Africa: Implications on fault growth and stress heterogeneity on seismogenic fault planes

机译：东非Afar正常断层的一般走向沿断层：对断层增长和成地震断层平面上应力异质性的影响

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摘要

Understanding how natural faults are segmented along their length can provide useful insights into fault growth processes, stress distribution on fault planes, and earthquake dynamics. We use cumulative displacement profiles to analyze the two largest scales of segmentation of approximate to 900 normal faults in Afar, East Africa. We build upon a prior study by Manighetti et al. (2009) and develop a new signal processing method aimed at recovering the number, position, displacement, and length of both the major (i.e., longest) and the subordinate, secondary segments within the faults. Regardless of their length, age, geographic location, total displacement, and slip rate, 90% of the faults contain two to five major segments, whereas more than 70% of these major segments are divided into two to four secondary segments. In each hierarchical rank of fault segmentation, most segments have a similar proportional length, whereas the number of segments slightly decreases with fault structural maturity. The along-strike segmentation of the Afar faults is thus generic at its two largest scales. We summarize published fault segment data on 42 normal, reverse, and strike-slip faults worldwide, and find a similar number (two to five) of major and secondary segments across the population. We suggest a fault growth scenario that might account for the generic large-scale segmentation of faults. The observation of a generic segmentation suggests that seismogenic fault planes are punctuated with a deterministic number of large stress concentrations, which are likely to control the initiation, arrest and hence extent and magnitude of earthquake ruptures.
机译：了解自然断层如何沿其长度分段，可以提供有用的见解，以了解断层的生长过程，断层平面上的应力分布以及地震动力学。我们使用累积位移剖面来分析东非阿法尔地区大约900个正常断层的两个最大分割规模。我们以Manighetti等人的先前研究为基础。 （2009年）并开发了一种新的信号处理方法，旨在恢复故障中主要（即最长）段和次要，次要段的数量，位置，位移和长度。不论其长度，年龄，地理位置，总位移和滑移率如何，断层中的90％包含2至5个主要部分，而这些主要部分中的70％以上则分为2至4个次要部分。在断层分段的每个等级等级中，大多数分段具有相似的比例长度，而分段的数量随着断层结构的成熟而略有减少。因此，阿法尔断层的走向沿走向分段在其两个最大尺度上是通用的。我们总结了已发布的有关全球42个正，逆和走滑断层的断层段数据，发现整个种群中主要段和次要段数量相近（两到五个）。我们建议一个故障增长方案，该方案可能解释了故障的一般大规模细分。对一般分段的观察表明，在确定性的大应力集中处打断了地震成因的断层，这很可能控制着地震破裂的发生，停滞，从而控制了破裂的程度和程度。

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