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Adipose tissue-derived stem cells in clinical applications

机译：脂肪组织来源的干细胞在临床中的应用

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Introduction: In the past decade human adipose tissue has been identified as a source of multipotent stem cells. Adipose tissue derived stem cells (ASCs) are characterised by immunosuppressive properties and low immunogenicity. Therefore, they can be used in regenerative medicine, as well as applied to induce graft tolerance or prevent autoimmunity. ASCs can be easily harvested with low morbidity, which is their main advantage over mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from other sources. Areas covered: The review focuses on reported clinical applications of ASCs and discusses technical approaches of their isolation and processing. The differences in phenotype and differentiation preferences between ASCs and other MSCs that may affect the choice of a particular cell type for the future therapy are also described. Expert opinion: ASCs seem to be the perfect tool for regenerative medicine and immunosuppressive cellular therapies. Nevertheless, there are some tasks that should be addressed by the future studies: i) ASCs require better characterisation; a set of markers determining ASCs should be clearly defined; ii) there is need for more studies on safety of reconstructive therapies with ASCs in cancer patients (e.g., after mastectomy); iii) release criteria should be determined for freshly isolated and ex vivo expanded ASCs designed for clinical applications.
机译：简介：在过去的十年中，人类脂肪组织已被确定为多能干细胞的来源。脂肪组织衍生的干细胞（ASC）的特征在于具有免疫抑制特性和低免疫原性。因此，它们可以用于再生医学，以及用于诱导移植物耐受性或预防自身免疫。 ASC可以很容易地以低发病率进行收获，这是它们比其他来源的间充质干细胞（MSC）的主要优势。涵盖的领域：该综述着重于报道的ASC的临床应用，并讨论了其分离和加工的技术方法。还描述了ASC和其他MSC之间的表型差异和分化偏好，这些差异可能会影响未来治疗中特定细胞类型的选择。专家意见：ASC似乎是再生医学和免疫抑制细胞疗法的理想工具。尽管如此，未来的研究仍应解决一些任务：i）ASC需要更好的表征;应明确定义一组确定ASC的标记; ii）有必要进一步研究在癌症患者中（例如，乳房切除术后）用ASC进行的重建治疗的安全性; iii）应确定为临床应用设计的新鲜分离和离体扩增的ASC的释放标准。

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