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首页> 外文期刊>Expert opinion on biological therapy >Yellow fever vaccine: past, present and future.
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Yellow fever vaccine: past, present and future.

机译：黄热病疫苗：过去，现在和将来。

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BACKGROUND: Yellow fever is a re-emerging infectious disease, as vector control and routine immunisation have dwindled in endemic areas in the last few decades. There is a constant threat of outbreaks in the large susceptible non-immune population of the megacities in tropical countries with an ongoing virus life cycle in the rainforests. For this population and for travellers to endemic areas, vaccination is the only effective protective measure against the disease and the spread of the virus. OBJECTIVE/METHods: We discuss the history of yellow fever vaccine development, and focus on practical aspects of vaccine safety, contraindications for vaccination, and future vaccine developments. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: Vaccination with the live attenuated yellow fever-17D vaccine (YF-17D) induces low-grade viraemia in half of the vaccinees and elicits protective neutralising antibody levels in 99%. Reports of serious adverse events in the elderly and immunocompromised, and the inability to produce large quantities of yellow fever vaccine at short notice in combination with limited vaccine stockpiles highlight the need for further study of this highly effective and safe vaccine.
机译：背景：黄热病是一种重新出现的传染病，因为在过去的几十年中，流行地区的媒介控制和常规免疫减少。在热带国家，由于热带雨林中病毒生命周期持续不断，热带国家中大量易感人群的免疫力强的人群不断爆发疫情。对于这一人群和前往流行地区的旅行者而言，接种疫苗是预防该疾病和病毒传播的唯一有效保护措施。目的/方法：我们讨论黄热病疫苗开发的历史，并着重于疫苗安全性的实际方面，疫苗的禁忌症和未来疫苗的开发。结果/结论：减毒黄热病17D减毒活疫苗（YF-17D）的疫苗在一半的疫苗中诱导了低度病毒血症，并在99％的体内引起保护性中和抗体水平。关于老年人严重不良事件和免疫力低下的报道，以及在短时间内无法生产大量黄热病疫苗和有限的疫苗库存，这突出表明有必要进一步研究这种高效和安全的疫苗。

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