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首页> 外文期刊>Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution >Current availability of seed material of enset (Ensete ventricosum, Musaceae) and its Sub-Saharan wild relatives
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Current availability of seed material of enset (Ensete ventricosum, Musaceae) and its Sub-Saharan wild relatives

机译：Enset（Ensete ventricosum，Musaceae）及其撒哈拉以南野生亲缘种的种子材料的当前供应量

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摘要

Crop wild relatives are an important source of new genetic diversity for plant breeding and crop improvement. Enset (Ensete ventricosum) is mainly cultivated as a multipurpose crop in Ethiopia, supplying food to 13 million people. To improve the agronomic traits of enset clonal lines, sexual propagation can be of key importance, in particular crossbreeding landraces with populations of undomesticated Ensete wild relatives. We investigated the availability of stored seed material of the enset genepool represented by three African Ensete species (E. homblei, E. livingstonianum, E. ventricosum) in gene bank facilities across the world, and also the possibility to obtain freshly collected, undried seed material for conservation and research purposes. We queried the main plant genetic resources databases and contacted 27 gene and seed banks, research centres and several individual researchers. Only one seed bank seemed to hold a seed accession of only one of the three species, E. ventricosum (Millennium Seed Bank of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew). Available seed accessions of the other two species (E. homblei, E. livingstonianum) do not seem to exist. The lack of stored seed material of the three Ensete species and the difficulties in obtaining fresh seeds make it impossible to use seeds for breeding and crop improvement. We consider the existing seed conservation measures of the enset crop and its wild relatives as insufficient. A collection, research and ex situ conservation programme targeting Sub-Saharan Ensete seeds is needed considering the potential value of these species for food security across Africa.
机译：作物野生近缘种是植物育种和作物改良的新遗传多样性的重要来源。 Enset（Ensete ventricosum）主要在埃塞俄比亚作为多用途作物种植，为1300万人提供食物。为了改善Ensete克隆系的农艺性状，性繁殖可能至关重要，特别是与未驯化的Ensete野生近缘种杂交的地方品种。我们调查了世界各地的基因库设施中以三种非洲Ensete物种（E. homblei，E。livingstonianum，E。ventricosum）为代表的enset基因库的已存储种子材料的可用性，以及获得新鲜收集的未干燥种子的可能性用于保护和研究目的的材料。我们查询了主要的植物遗传资源数据库，并联系了27个基因和种子库，研究中心以及数名个人研究人员。似乎只有一个种子库拥有仅三种物种之一的种子，即E.ventricosum（邱园皇家植物园的千年种子库）。似乎不存在其他两个物种（E. homblei，E。livingstonianum）的可用种子种质。缺乏三个Ensete物种的种子材料，并且难以获得新鲜种子，因此无法将种子用于育种和作物改良。我们认为现有的农作物及其野生近缘种的种子保存措施是不够的。考虑到这些物种对整个非洲粮食安全的潜在价值，需要针对撒哈拉以南撒旦种子的收集，研究和非原生境保护计划。

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