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首页> 外文期刊>Genetical Research >Changes in the frequency of Y-M versus IIIM in the housefly, Musca domestica L., under field and laboratory conditions
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Changes in the frequency of Y-M versus IIIM in the housefly, Musca domestica L., under field and laboratory conditions

机译：在田间和实验室条件下，家蝇Musca domestica L.中Y-M与IIIM频率的变化

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摘要

In the housefly, Musca domestica L., sex is usually determined by a dominant factor, M, located on the Y chromosome. However, there are I autosomal male' (A(M)) populations in which the M factor is located on one or more of the five autosomes (I-V) or on X. We examined changes in the frequency of A(M) and Y-M mates in North Carolina populations of houseflies after 4 years in the laboratory (NC Lab 02:06) and after 4 or 5 years in the field (NC 2006 and NC 2007). In 2002, 77.7% of the male houseflies were III/III;XYM, 20% were IIIM/III;XX, and 2.3% were IIIM/III;XYM. After 4 years in the laboratory, IIIM/III males disappeared and 17.4% of the males were (XYM)-Y-M. Conversely, 4 years later, the field population was relatively unchanged from 2002. Thus, there was a strong selection against IIIM/III males in the laboratory, but not in the field. Field-collected flies from 2007 indicated a slight increase in the frequency of XYM males and a slight decrease in the frequency of IIIM/III males (relative to 2002 and 2006), suggesting that the relative frequency of XYM and IIIM/III can vary slightly over time in field populations. The detection of (XYM)-Y-M males in 2007 offered the opportunity to evaluate the frequency of the female-determining P factor, which was found to be present in both the laboratory and field populations, but frequencies varied greatly. The present study represents the first report of P in houseflies from North America. The significance of these results, relative to observed clines in A(M) versus Y-M males, is discussed.
机译：在家蝇（Musca domestica L.）的家蝇中，性别通常由位于Y染色体上的显性因子M决定。但是，有I个常染色体雄性（A（M））群体，其中M因子位于五个常染色体（IV）的一个或多个或X上。我们研究了A（M）和YM频率的变化在北卡罗来纳州家中的配偶在实验室工作4年后（NC Lab 02:06）和在野外工作4到5年后（NC 2006和NC 2007）。在2002年，有77.7％的雄性家蝇为III / III; XYM，20％为IIIM / III; XX，而2.3％为IIIM / III; XYM。在实验室工作4年后，IIIM / III雄性消失了，并且17.4％的雄性为（XYM）-Y-M。相反，四年后，田间人口与2002年相比没有变化。因此，实验室中有大量针对IIIM / III雄性的选择，但田间没有。从2007年开始实地采集的苍蝇表明XYM雄性的频率略有增加，IIIM / III雄性的频率略有下降（相对于2002年和2006年），这表明XYM和IIIM / III的相对频率可以略有变化随着时间的推移在外地人口中。 2007年对（XYM）-Y-M男性的检测为评估女性决定性P因子的频率提供了机会，该频率在实验室和现场人群中均存在，但频率差异很大。本研究代表了北美家蝇中P的首次报道。相对于在A（M）对Y-M雄性中观察到的种系，讨论了这些结果的重要性。

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