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Skew distribution of founder-specific inbreeding depression effects on the longevity of Landrace sows

机译：创始人特有的近亲抑郁的偏态分布对地方母猪寿命的影响

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Inbreeding is a biological phenomenon of special relevance in domestic species in which its influence has been typically associated with reductions in animal fitness. Nevertheless, recent research suggests substantial founder-specific variability in terms of inbreeding depression on some productive traits. although this centred on a very reduced number of founders. This research focuses on the modelling of founder-specific inbreeding depression (FSID) effects from a more general point of view, characterizing the expected distribution of FSID effects on sow longevity. Under a change-point Weibull proportional hazards model solved through Bayesian inference, a skew-normal a priori distribution for the FSID effects of 19 founders was assumed. In terms of the deviance information criterion, this model was clearly preferred to other prior distributions for FSID effects as well as to a standard analysis of the overall inbreeding depression effect, although all models were consistent with an overall negative genetic effect of inbreeding on sow longevity. The joint posterior distribution of FSID effects showed a skewed pattern with substantial right-tail overexpression, in which the mean (0.036). mode (0.034), S.D. (0.032) and asymmetry parameter (0.045) reported a higher incidence of positive estimates (85.2%) with an unfavourable effect on sow longevity. The founder with the worst inbreeding depression effect reduced sow longevity by 32 days for 1% or 167 days for 10% partial inbreeding. As a whole, our analyses highlighted substantial variability in FSID effects, with unfavourable, neutral and even favourable influences on sow longevity. This heterogeneity could be related to an uneven distribution of the recessive deleterious genetic load among founder genomes, and also with the different selection pressures applied to each founder line. The implementation of skew-normal priors also proved an appealing way to bypass the strict scenario imposed by the standard symmetric-Gaussian distribution, allowing right- and left-tail overexpression as well as non-zero modal estimates.
机译：近亲繁殖是一种在家庭物种中具有特殊意义的生物学现象，其影响通常与动物适应性的降低有关。然而，最近的研究表明，就某些生产性状而言，近亲抑郁的发生与创始人特定的差异性相当大。尽管这主要是针对极少数的创始人。这项研究从更广泛的角度着眼于特定于创始人的近亲衰退（FSID）效应的建模，表征了FSID效应对母猪寿命的预期分布。在通过贝叶斯推理解决的变化点威布尔比例风险模型下，假设19个创建者的FSID效应具有偏正态先验分布。就偏离信息标准而言，尽管所有模型都与近亲繁殖对母猪寿命的总体负面遗传影响相一致，但该模型显然优于其他先前的FSID分布以及整体近交抑制效应的标准分析。 。 FSID效应的关节后部分布呈偏斜模式，并带有大量右尾过表达，其中均值（0.036）。模式（0.034），S.D。 （0.032）和不对称参数（0.045）报告阳性估计的发生率较高（85.2％），对母猪寿命造成不利影响。近亲交配抑制效果最差的创始人将母猪的寿命降低32％（1％）或167天（部分近亲）（10％）。总体而言，我们的分析突出显示了FSID效应的巨大差异，对母猪的寿命产生了不利，中性甚至有利的影响。这种异质性可能与建立者基因组之间的隐性有害遗传负载的不均匀分布有关，也可能与施加给每个建立者系列的选择压力不同有关。偏态正态先验的实现也证明是一种吸引人的方法，可以绕过标准对称高斯分布所施加的严格情形，从而允许右尾和左尾过表达以及非零模态估计。

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