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Testing the Response of Mycenaean Terracotta Figures and Vessels to Earthquake Ground Motions

机译：测试迈锡尼兵马俑和船只对地震地震动的响应

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摘要

In the late 1970s, the hypothesis originated that earthquakes played a decisive role in the decline of the Mycenaean civilization at the end of the Late Bronze Age. The late excavator of Tiryns in the Argolid/Greece, Klaus Kilian, presented evidence for earthquake-related damage to Mycenaean structures and considered four terracotta figures and two ceramic vessels lying on a floor of a potential cult room (later 12th century B.C.) in the Lower Citadel as earthquake victims. The broken figures were confined to a small area on the cult room's floor in front of a bench. We assess the archaeological data and test the plausibility of earthquake-induced toppling of the objects with engineering seismological models. Dimensions and physical properties of the models were taken from the originals. In our simulations the models are virtually placed on a bench, and are exposed to earthquake ground motions based on records from recent Greek earthquakes. We test the artifacts' toppling behavior and compare the final position of the fallen objects with the original find spots. Statistical analysis of 74,250 model calculations with highly varied ground motion parameters and bench heights reveal only a small probability that the find situation of the objects was caused by an earthquake. (C) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
机译：在1970年代后期，这一假设起源于在青铜时代晚期，地震在迈锡尼文明的衰落中起着决定性作用。蒂林斯的晚期挖掘者克劳斯·基利安（Klaus Kilian）在Argolid /希腊的挖掘工作中提供了与地震有关的迈锡尼结构破坏的证据，并考虑了四个兵马俑和两个陶瓷容器躺在潜在的邪教室（公元前12世纪后期）的地板上。下城堡为地震受害者。破碎的人物被限制在长凳前面的邪教室地板上的一小部分。我们评估了考古数据，并用工程地震模型测试了地震引起的物体倾倒的合理性。模型的尺寸和物理性质均取自原件。在我们的模拟中，这些模型实际上放置在工作台上，并根据最近希腊地震的记录暴露于地震地震动中。我们测试文物的倾倒行为，并将下落的物体的最终位置与原始发现点进行比较。对地震动参数和工作台高度变化很大的74,250个模型计算的统计分析表明，发现物体的情况很小是由地震引起的。 （C）2014威利期刊公司

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