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Structural differences of orthologous genes: insights from human-primate comparisons.

机译:直系同源基因的结构差异:人类与灵长类动物比较的见解。

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The genomic basis of phenotypic distinctions between humans and nonhuman primates remains insufficiently explained. We hypothesized that interspecies structural differences of orthologous genes can cause such distinctions and searched protein-coding genes conserved between humans and nonhuman primates for species-specific initial and terminal exons. We inferred gene structure differences from genomic locations where portions of primate transcripts aligned with the human genome outside of any human exons. Of 22,466 high-confidence FANTOM3 human transcriptional units, 7424 (33%) had nonhuman primate full-length cDNA support. One hundred eighty-three of the loci contained 68,424 bp of sequence exonic in nonhuman primates but not humans. Fifty-four of 183 included species-specific portions of protein-coding regions. Six genes had evidence of intergenic splicing in a nonhuman primate but not in human. It is imperative that primate transcriptome projects be accelerated on par with genome projects to understand better interspecies gene structure distinctions.
机译:人类和非人类灵长类动物之间的表型区别的基因组基础仍然没有得到足够的解释。我们假设直系同源基因的种间结构差异可能引起这种区别,并搜索了人类和非人类灵长类动物之间保守的蛋白质编码基因,以用于物种特异性的初始和末端外显子。我们从基因组位置推断出基因结构差异,在基因组位置,灵长类转录本的一部分与任何人类外显子之外的人类基因组对齐。在22,466个高可信度的FANTOM3人类转录单位中,有7424个(33%)具有非人类灵长类动物全长cDNA支持。非人类灵长类动物中有183个基因座含有68,424 bp的外显子序列,而非人类。 183个中的54个包含蛋白质编码区的物种特异性部分。六个基因在非人类灵长类动物中有基因间剪接的证据,而在人类中则没有。至关重要的是,灵长类转录组项目应与基因组项目相提并论,以更好地了解种间基因结构的区别。

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