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首页> 外文期刊>Gait & posture >Push-off reactions in recovery after tripping discriminate young subjects, older non-fallers and older fallers.
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Push-off reactions in recovery after tripping discriminate young subjects, older non-fallers and older fallers.

机译：跳闸后恢复中的下垂反应可区分年轻受试者，老年非跌倒者和老年跌倒者。

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摘要

Tripping is a major cause for falls, especially in the elderly. This study investigated whether falls in the elderly can be attributed to inadequate push-off reactions by the support limb in the recovery after a trip. Twelve young (20-34 years) and eleven older (65-72 years) men and women walked over a platform and were tripped several times over an obstacle that suddenly appeared from the floor. Kinematics and ground reactions forces of the support limb during push-off were measured of falls and successful recoveries. Young subjects did not fall. The older subjects were divided into a group of four non-fallers and seven fallers. Older fallers showed insufficient reduction of the angular momentum during push-off and less proper placement of the recovery limb. This was due to a lower rate of change of moment generation in all support limb joints and a lower peak ankle moment. Onset of knee moment generation was slightly delayed in older fallers. Improvement over trials was ascribed to better positioningof the recovery limb, as no clear differences were seen in the joint moments of the support limb. In conclusion, the contribution of the support limb to prevent a fall after tripping is decreased in older adults. Lower limb strength could be an underlying factor and strength training might help to reduce fall risk.
机译：绊倒是跌倒的主要原因，尤其是在老年人中。这项研究调查了老年人跌倒是否可归因于旅行后恢复过程中支撑肢体的下垂反应不足。十二名年轻人（20-34岁）和十一名老人（65-72岁）在平台上行走，并被突然从地板上出现的障碍物绊倒了好几次。测量了跌倒时支撑肢体的运动学和地面反作用力，以了解跌倒和成功恢复的情况。年轻的受试者没有跌倒。年龄较大的受试者分为四个非摔倒者和七个摔倒者。较大的跌倒者在下推过程中表现出的角动量减小不足，并且恢复肢体放置不当。这是由于所有支撑肢关节的力矩产生变化率较低，而踝关节峰值力矩较低。在较大的跌倒者中，膝力矩产生的发作略有延迟。试验的改善归因于康复肢体的更好定位，因为在支撑肢体的关节力矩方面没有发现明显的差异。总之，在老年人中，防止肢体绊倒后摔倒的作用降低了。下肢力量可能是一个潜在因素，而力量训练可能有助于降低跌倒风险。

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