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首页> 外文期刊>Geophysical Research Letters >Long-term north-south asymmetry in solar wind speed inferred from geomagnetic activity: A new type of century-scale solar oscillation?
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Long-term north-south asymmetry in solar wind speed inferred from geomagnetic activity: A new type of century-scale solar oscillation?

机译：由地磁活动推断出的太阳风速的长期南北不对称：一种新型的百年尺度的太阳振荡？

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A significant and very similar annual variation in solar wind speed and in geomagnetic activity was recently found around all the four solar cycle minima covered by direct SW observations since mid-1960's. We have shown that the phase of this annual variation reverses with the Sun's polarity reversal, depicting a new form of 22-year periodicity. The annual variation results from a small north-south asymmetry in SW speed distribution where the minimum speed region is shifted toward the northern magnetic hemisphere. Here we study the very long-term evolution of the annual variation using early registrations of geomagnetic activity. We find a significant annual variation during the high-activity solar cycles in mid-19th century and since 1930's. Most interestingly, the SW speed asymmetry in mid-19th century was opposite to the present asymmetry, i.e., the minimum speed region was then shifted toward the southern magnetic hemisphere. This change of asymmetry suggests for a possible new form of century-scale oscillation in the north-south asymmetry of the Sun. We explain the asymmetry in terms of a relic magnetic field dislocated slightly in the north-south direction from the heliographic equator. The change in the asymmetry would result from the century-scale north-south oscillation of the location of the relic field across the ecliptic. [References: 26]
机译：自从1960年代中期以来，直接SW观测所覆盖的所有四个太阳周期极小值附近，太阳风速和地磁活动的年均变化都非常显着且非常相似。我们已经表明，这种年度变化的阶段随着太阳的极性反转而反转，描绘了一种22年周期性的新形式。年度变化是由于西南太平洋速度分布中的南北不对称性造成的，其中最小速度区域向北磁半球移动。在这里，我们使用地磁活动的早期记录研究了年度变化的非常长期的演变。我们发现，在19世纪中叶以及1930年代以来的高强度太阳活动周期中，每年的变化很大。最有趣的是，19世纪中叶的西南速度不对称与当前的不对称相反，即，最低速度区域随后移向了南半球。这种不对称性的变化暗示了太阳南北不对称性可能出现新的世纪尺度振荡形式。我们用从赤道赤道南北方向略微错位的遗留磁场来解释不对称性。不对称性的变化将由黄道上遗迹场位置的世纪尺度南北振荡引起。 [参考：26]

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