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首页> 外文期刊>Bioinspiration & biomimetics >Functional adaptation of crustacean exoskeletal elements through structural and compositional diversity: a combined experimental and theoretical study
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Functional adaptation of crustacean exoskeletal elements through structural and compositional diversity: a combined experimental and theoretical study

机译：通过结构和组成的多样性对甲壳类骨骼外元素的功能适应性：结合实验和理论研究

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摘要

The crustacean cuticle is a composite material that covers the whole animal and forms the continuous exoskeleton. Nano-fibers composed of chitin and protein molecules form most of the organic matrix of the cuticle that, at the macroscale, is organized in up to eight hierarchical levels. At least two of them, the exo- and endocuticle, contain a mineral phase of mainly Mg-calcite, amorphous calcium carbonate and phosphate. The high number of hierarchical levels and the compositional diversity provide a high degree of freedom for varying the physical, in particular mechanical, properties of the material. This makes the cuticle a versatile material ideally suited to form a variety of skeletal elements that are adapted to different functions and the eco-physiological strains of individual species. This review presents our recent analytical, experimental and theoretical studies on the cuticle, summarising at which hierarchical levels structure and composition are modified to achieve the required physical properties. We describe our multi-scale hierarchical modeling approach based on the results from these studies, aiming at systematically predicting the structure-composition-property relations of cuticle composites from the molecular level to the macro-scale. This modeling approach provides a tool to facilitate the development of optimized biomimetic materials within a knowledge-based design approach.
机译：甲壳类表皮是一种覆盖整个动物并形成连续外骨骼的复合材料。由几丁质和蛋白质分子组成的纳米纤维形成了角质层的大部分有机基质，这些基质在宏观上最多组织为八个层次。它们中的至少两种是表皮层和表皮层，其矿物相主要是Mg-方解石，无定形碳酸钙和磷酸盐。大量的等级级别和组成多样性为改变材料的物理，特别是机械特性提供了高度的自由度。这使表皮成为一种多功能材料，非常适合形成各种骨骼元素，以适应不同功能和单个物种的生态生理应变。这篇综述介绍了我们最近对角质层的分析，实验和理论研究，总结了在哪些层次结构和组成上进行了修改以实现所需的物理特性。我们基于这些研究的结果描述了我们的多尺度分层建模方法，旨在系统地预测从分子水平到宏观尺度的表皮复合材料的结构-成分-性能关系。这种建模方法提供了一种工具，可以在基于知识的设计方法中促进优化仿生材料的开发。

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